<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2009-07-21 20:28:42 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2026-05-14 16:58:58 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>T3D3029</accession>
  <common_name>Sevoflurane</common_name>
  <class>SmallMolecule</class>
  <description>Sevoflurane (C4H3F7O) is an exogenous organic compound with an average molecular weight of 200.05 g/mol. It exists as a liquid at room temperature. Sevoflurane belongs to the ethers, a subclass of organooxygen compounds within the organic compounds. Its roles and uses include application as an inhalation anaesthetic, a platelet aggregation inhibitor, and a central nervous system depressant. It is found in 14 recorded sources, including anesthetics in healthcare, pharmaceuticals and veterinary products; food preservation in food, food processing and cookware; non-electric simulated smoking devices, soap detergents, and tobacco smoke filters in household cleaning and consumer products; and electrical and electronic equipment such as antennas, colour television systems, conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials, electric switches, and electrically stimulated smoking devices. Recorded exposure routes include nasal and respiratory pathways, with inhalation supported by literature (PMC11894927, PMC4310588, PMC6299439).

Sevoflurane interacts with 30 recorded protein targets, including Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1 (ATP2C1), NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1 (MT-ND1), Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1 (GLRA1), and Glutamate receptor 1 (GRIA1). It acts as an activator, agonist, or inhibitor of Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunits pi (GABRP), delta (GABRD), beta-1 (GABRB1), gamma-2 (GABRG2), and 19 other proteins. Sevoflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. It activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. Additionally, it appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase, and binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca2+ activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor, and the glycine receptor.</description>
  <categories>
    <category>Drug</category>
    <category>Synthetic Toxin</category>
  </categories>
  <types>
    <type>Organic Compound</type>
    <type>Organofluoride</type>
    <type>Ether</type>
    <type>Drug</type>
    <type>Anesthetic, Inhalation</type>
    <type>Metabolite</type>
    <type>Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor</type>
    <type>Synthetic Compound</type>
    <type>Human Neurotoxin</type>
  </types>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)propane</synonym>
    <synonym>Sevofluran</synonym>
    <synonym>Sevoflurano</synonym>
    <synonym>Sevofluranum</synonym>
    <synonym>Sevorane</synonym>
    <synonym>Sojourn</synonym>
    <synonym>Ultane</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C4H3F7O</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>200.0548</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>200.007212153</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)propane</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>sevoflurane</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>28523-86-6</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>FCOC(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C4H3F7O/c5-1-12-2(3(6,7)8)4(9,10)11/h2H,1H2</inchi>
  <inchikey>DFEYYRMXOJXZRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic oxygen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organooxygen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Ethers</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Dialkyl ethers</direct_parent>
    <alternate_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alkyl fluorides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organofluorides</alternative_parent>
    </alternate_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl fluoride</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl halide</substituent>
      <substituent>Dialkyl ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Organofluoride</substituent>
      <substituent>Organohalogen compound</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <descriptors>
      <descriptor>ether</descriptor>
      <descriptor>organofluorine compound</descriptor>
    </descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <status>Detected and Not Quantified</status>
  <origin>Exogenous</origin>
  <cellular_locations>
    <cellular_location>Cytoplasm</cellular_location>
    <cellular_location>Extracellular</cellular_location>
    <cellular_location>Membrane</cellular_location>
  </cellular_locations>
  <biofluid_locations/>
  <tissue_locations/>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Sevoflurane GABA(A) Anesthetic Action Pathway</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0126170</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Sevoflurane Drug Metabolism Action Pathway</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0143654</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <state>Liquid</state>
  <appearance/>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>&lt; 25°C</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>boiling_point</kind>
      <value>58.5°C</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>Very slightly soluble</value>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.4</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.44</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-2.13</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.48e+00 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.27</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>15.07</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-4.5</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)propane</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>200.0548</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>200.007212153</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>FCOC(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C4H3F7O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C4H3F7O/c5-1-12-2(3(6,7)8)4(9,10)11/h2H,1H2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>DFEYYRMXOJXZRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>9.23</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>23.3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>9.83</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <route_of_exposure>Rapidly absorbed into circulation via the lungs, however solubility in the blood is low.</route_of_exposure>
  <mechanism_of_toxicity>Sevoflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Sevoflurane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. It also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase and also binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor, and the glycine receptor.</mechanism_of_toxicity>
  <metabolism>Relatively little biotransformation, only 5% is metabolized by cytochrome P450 CYP2E1 to hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) with release of inorganic fluoride and CO2. No other metabolic pathways have been identified for sevoflurane.&#13;Route of Elimination: The low solubility of sevoflurane facilitates rapid elimination via the lungs. In vivo metabolism studies suggest that approximately 5% of the sevoflurane dose may be metabolized. Up to 3.5% of the sevoflurane dose appears in the urine as inorganic fluoride.&#13;Half Life: 15-23 hours</metabolism>
  <toxicity>LD50: 10.8 g/kg (Rat) (A308)&#13;LC50: 49881 ppm/hr (Inhalation, Rat) (A308)</toxicity>
  <lethaldose/>
  <carcinogenicity>No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).</carcinogenicity>
  <use_source>Used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in adult and pediatric patients for inpatient and outpatient surgery.</use_source>
  <min_risk_level/>
  <health_effects>#&lt;HealthEffect::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007f7226c56f58&gt;</health_effects>
  <symptoms/>
  <treatment>In the event of overdosage, or what may appear to be overdosage, the following action should be taken: discontinue administration of sevoflurane, maintain a patent airway, initiate assisted or controlled ventilation with oxygen, and maintain adequate cardiovascular function. (L1712)</treatment>
  <drugbank_id>DB01236</drugbank_id>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB15366</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>5206</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chembl_id>CHEMBL1200694</chembl_id>
  <chemspider_id>5017</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id>C07520</kegg_id>
  <uniprot_id/>
  <omim_id/>
  <chebi_id>9130</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <ctd_id/>
  <stitch_id>Sevoflurane</stitch_id>
  <actor_id/>
  <pdb_id/>
  <wikipidia>Sevoflurane</wikipidia>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <pubmed_id>18048412</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Drugs.com: http://www.drugs.com/cons/Sevoflurane.html</reference_text>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>RxList: The Internet Drug Index (2009).: http://www.rxlist.com/</reference_text>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
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