<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-05-19 02:24:51 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2026-05-14 17:50:45 UTC</update_date>
  <accession/>
  <common_name>PYRUVALDEHYDE</common_name>
  <class>SmallMolecule</class>
  <description>PYRUVALDEHYDE (C3H4O2) is an organic oxygen compound with an average molecular weight of 72.06 g/mol. PYRUVALDEHYDE belongs to the carbonyl compounds, a subclass of organooxygen compounds within the organic compounds. It is utilized industrially as a nutrient and a flavouring agent.

The compound is found in or released from 28 recorded sources. These include drinking water, as well as food, food processing, and cookware sources such as food contact materials, the preparation of vinegar, the preparation of malt, fermentation processes for beer, and food preservation. In household cleaning and consumer products, it is associated with soap detergents, bleaching agents, perfumes within detergents and soaps, cigar cigarettes, and other smoking requisites. It is also found in electrical and electronic equipment, including antennas, amplifiers, electric switches, conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials, and cores yokes or armatures. Recorded exposure routes for the compound include touch, oral, and inhalation.

PYRUVALDEHYDE has two recorded protein targets: Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1) and Phospholipase A2 (PLA2G1B), for which it acts as an activator or inhibitor. Regarding health effects, the compound serves as a biomarker of cancer (PMC13407726). Additionally, blood levels of PYRUVALDEHYDE are increased in instances of hyperglycemia (PMC9572970) and inflammation (PMC9572970).</description>
  <categories/>
  <types/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2-oxopropanal</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Oxopropanal</synonym>
    <synonym>Di-substituted propanedione</synonym>
    <synonym>Methyl glyoxal</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylglyoxal</synonym>
    <synonym>methylglyoxal</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C3H4O2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>72.0627</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>72.021129372</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2-oxopropanal</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>methylglyoxal</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>78-98-8</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CC(=O)C=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C3H4O2/c1-3(5)2-4/h2H,1H3</inchi>
  <inchikey>AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic oxygen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organooxygen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Carbonyl compounds</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Alpha ketoaldehydes</direct_parent>
    <alternate_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Ketones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Short-chain aldehydes</alternative_parent>
    </alternate_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-ketoaldehyde</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Short-chain aldehyde</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <descriptors>
      <descriptor>2-oxo aldehyde</descriptor>
      <descriptor>a ketoaldehyde</descriptor>
      <descriptor>propanals</descriptor>
    </descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <status>Detected and Not Quantified</status>
  <origin/>
  <cellular_locations/>
  <biofluid_locations/>
  <tissue_locations/>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvaldehyde Degradation</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000459</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvate Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000060</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Leigh Syndrome</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000196</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvate Decarboxylase E1 Component Deficiency (PDHE1 Deficiency)</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000334</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000212</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Glycine and Serine Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000004</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Dimethylglycine Dehydrogenase Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000242</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency (DHPD)</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000179</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Sarcosinemia</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000244</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Non-Ketotic Hyperglycinemia</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000223</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Dimethylglycine Dehydrogenase Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000484</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Hyperglycinemia, Non-Ketotic</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000485</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Primary Hyperoxaluria II, PH2</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000558</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000559</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000721</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Dimethylglycine Dehydrogenase Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125578</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Sarcosinemia</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125579</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Non-Ketotic Hyperglycinemia</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125580</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125581</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Leigh Syndrome</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125770</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvate Decarboxylase E1 Component Deficiency (PDHE1 Deficiency)</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125771</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125772</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Primary Hyperoxaluria II, PH2</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125773</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0125774</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <state/>
  <appearance/>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.2</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-0.38</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>0.40</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.80e+02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>16.38</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-8</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>2-oxopropanal</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>72.0627</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>72.021129372</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CC(=O)C=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C3H4O2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C3H4O2/c1-3(5)2-4/h2H,1H3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>34.14</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>17.05</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>6.42</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <route_of_exposure/>
  <mechanism_of_toxicity/>
  <metabolism/>
  <toxicity/>
  <lethaldose/>
  <carcinogenicity/>
  <use_source/>
  <min_risk_level/>
  <health_effects>#&lt;HealthEffect::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007f726ca54890&gt;</health_effects>
  <symptoms/>
  <treatment/>
  <drugbank_id>DB03587</drugbank_id>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>880</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chembl_id/>
  <chemspider_id>857</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <uniprot_id/>
  <omim_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <ctd_id/>
  <stitch_id/>
  <actor_id/>
  <pdb_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <general_references/>
  <targets>
    <target>
      <target_id/>
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    </target>
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      <target_id>BE0003997</target_id>
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      <target_id>BE0001122</target_id>
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  </targets>
</compound>
