<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-05-19 02:29:28 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2026-04-17 19:50:08 UTC</update_date>
  <accession/>
  <common_name>TREHALOSE, DIHYDRATE</common_name>
  <class>SmallMolecule</class>
  <description>TREHALOSE, DIHYDRATE is an organic compound with the formula C12H22O11 and an average molecular weight of 342.30 g/mol. TREHALOSE, DIHYDRATE belongs to the carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates, a subclass of organooxygen compounds within the organic compounds.

In biological contexts, this compound acts as a metabolite (PMC8754149) and an antioxidant (PMC8754149). Its industrial applications include use as a flavouring and nutrient (PMC6136991), a stabilizer (PMC6136991), and a food additive (PMC3973403). Additionally, it serves as a nutrient in environmental roles (PMC12392259).

The compound is found in or released from 29 recorded sources. Within the category of food, food processing, and cookware, sources include fermentation processes for beer, food preservation, molasses and treatment of molasses, food contact materials, and agglomerated sugar products, among 7 others. In electrical and electronic equipment, it is associated with amplifiers, electrodes, emergency protective devices, electrically stimulated smoking devices, and conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials, among 3 others. Household cleaning and consumer products sources include bleaching agents, cigar cigarettes, non electric simulated smoking devices, other smoking requisites, and perfumes within detergents and soaps, among 3 others. It is also found in building and construction materials, specifically stairs and ramps. Recorded exposure routes for the compound include oral, inhalation, and touch.</description>
  <categories/>
  <types/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>trehalose</synonym>
    <synonym>Trehalose</synonym>
    <synonym>Trehalose dihydrate</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C12H22O11</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>342.2965</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>342.116211546</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>α,α'-trehalose</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>6138-23-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)7(17)9(19)11(21-3)23-12-10(20)8(18)6(16)4(2-14)22-12/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6-,7+,8+,9-,10-,11-,12-/m1/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic oxygen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organooxygen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>O-glycosyl compounds</direct_parent>
    <alternate_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Acetals</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Disaccharides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxanes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Polyols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Primary alcohols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternate_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Acetal</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Disaccharide</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>O-glycosyl compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxane</substituent>
      <substituent>Polyol</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <descriptors>
      <descriptor>Disaccharides</descriptor>
      <descriptor>trehalose</descriptor>
    </descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <status>Detected and Not Quantified</status>
  <origin/>
  <cellular_locations/>
  <biofluid_locations/>
  <tissue_locations/>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Trehalose Degradation</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0000467</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <state/>
  <appearance/>
  <experimental_properties/>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-2.98</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>0.24</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>5.92e+02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-4.7</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>11.91</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>342.2965</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>342.116211546</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C12H22O11</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)7(17)9(19)11(21-3)23-12-10(20)8(18)6(16)4(2-14)22-12/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6-,7+,8+,9-,10-,11-,12-/m1/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>189.53</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>68.34</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>31.14</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>11</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>8</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <route_of_exposure/>
  <mechanism_of_toxicity/>
  <metabolism/>
  <toxicity/>
  <lethaldose/>
  <carcinogenicity/>
  <use_source/>
  <min_risk_level/>
  <health_effects>#&lt;HealthEffect::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007f7220160fa0&gt;</health_effects>
  <symptoms/>
  <treatment/>
  <drugbank_id>DB12310</drugbank_id>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>7427</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chembl_id/>
  <chemspider_id>7149</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <uniprot_id/>
  <omim_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <ctd_id/>
  <stitch_id/>
  <actor_id/>
  <pdb_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <general_references/>
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</compound>
