<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-05-19 04:45:36 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2026-04-05 14:15:41 UTC</update_date>
  <accession/>
  <common_name>4,4'-Diamino-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid</common_name>
  <class>SmallMolecule</class>
  <description>4,4'-Diamino-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid belongs to the sulfonated stilbenes, a subclass of stilbenes within the organic compounds. This compound, which is categorized under the superclass of phenylpropanoids and polyketides, has the chemical formula C14H14N2O6S2 and an average molecular weight of 370.39 g/mol. In industrial applications, it is utilized as a brightener.

The substance has been identified in 20 recorded sources across several sectors. Within drinking water and water supply systems, it is found in tap water, bottled water, desalinated water, and general drinking water. It is present in aquatic systems and sediments, including seawater, freshwater, surface water, and groundwater. In the context of wastewater, sanitation, and biosolids, it appears in industrial wastewater, mine wastewater, unspecified wastewater, and wastewater treatment effluent. Additionally, the compound is found in appliances and HVAC systems, specifically in water heaters and water coolers, as well as in marine, shipping, and aquaculture sources such as bilge water and ballast water. It is also recorded in irrigation water used for agriculture and land management, among three other sectors. Recorded exposure routes for this compound include oral, inhalation, and touch.</description>
  <categories/>
  <types>
    <type>PMT</type>
  </types>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>4,4'-Diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C14H14N2O6S2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>370.39</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>370.029328527</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>5-amino-2-[2-(4-amino-2-sulfophenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1-sulfonic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>5-amino-2-[2-(4-amino-2-sulfophenyl)ethenyl]benzenesulfonic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>81-11-8</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>NC1=CC=C(C=CC2=CC=C(N)C=C2S(O)(=O)=O)C(=C1)S(O)(=O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C14H14N2O6S2/c15-11-5-3-9(13(7-11)23(17,18)19)1-2-10-4-6-12(16)8-14(10)24(20,21)22/h1-8H,15-16H2,(H,17,18,19)(H,20,21,22)</inchi>
  <inchikey>REJHVSOVQBJEBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Phenylpropanoids and polyketides</super_class>
    <class>Stilbenes</class>
    <sub_class>Sulfonated stilbenes</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Sulfonated stilbenes</direct_parent>
    <alternate_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-sulfo,2-unsubstituted aromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Aniline and substituted anilines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Benzenesulfonic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Benzenesulfonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organosulfonic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Primary amines</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Styrenes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Sulfonyls</alternative_parent>
    </alternate_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-sulfo,2-unsubstituted aromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Aniline or substituted anilines</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic homomonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Arylsulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenesulfonate</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenesulfonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfonic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfonic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfur compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary amine</substituent>
      <substituent>Styrene</substituent>
      <substituent>Sulfonated stilbene</substituent>
      <substituent>Sulfonyl</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <descriptors/>
  </taxonomy>
  <status>Detected and Not Quantified</status>
  <origin/>
  <cellular_locations/>
  <biofluid_locations/>
  <tissue_locations/>
  <pathways/>
  <state/>
  <appearance/>
  <experimental_properties/>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-1.82</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.49</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.21e-01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.57</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>-3.7</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>3.53</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>5-amino-2-[2-(4-amino-2-sulfophenyl)ethenyl]benzene-1-sulfonic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>370.39</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>370.029328527</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>NC1=CC=C(C=CC2=CC=C(N)C=C2S(O)(=O)=O)C(=C1)S(O)(=O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C14H14N2O6S2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C14H14N2O6S2/c15-11-5-3-9(13(7-11)23(17,18)19)1-2-10-4-6-12(16)8-14(10)24(20,21)22/h1-8H,15-16H2,(H,17,18,19)(H,20,21,22)</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>REJHVSOVQBJEBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>160.78</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>92.16</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>35.25</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>8</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <route_of_exposure/>
  <mechanism_of_toxicity/>
  <metabolism/>
  <toxicity/>
  <lethaldose/>
  <carcinogenicity/>
  <use_source/>
  <min_risk_level/>
  <health_effects>#&lt;HealthEffect::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007f7227229110&gt;</health_effects>
  <symptoms/>
  <treatment/>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>6668</pubchem_compound_id>
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  <wikipidia/>
  <general_references/>
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</compound>
