<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-05-22 03:35:52 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2026-05-14 19:50:22 UTC</update_date>
  <accession/>
  <common_name>Formononetin</common_name>
  <class>SmallMolecule</class>
  <description>Formononetin (C16H12O4) is a compound with an average molecular weight of 268.27 g/mol. Formononetin belongs to the o-methylated isoflavonoids, a subclass of isoflavonoids within the organic compounds. It is categorized under the superclass of phenylpropanoids and polyketides.

The compound is utilized industrially as a humectant, a softener, and a conditioner. It also serves as an antioxidant in both biological and industrial contexts (PMC13414978). Regarding its health effects, formononetin has therapeutic effects on inflammation and lung cancer (PMC12192122). It is recorded as an inhibitor of the protein target sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SLC5A2).

Formononetin is found in or released from 18 recorded sources. These include healthcare, pharmaceuticals &amp; veterinary products via medical devices; drinking water &amp; water supply via drinking water; air, dust &amp; atmospheric transport via indoor air; and textiles, leather &amp; furnishings via carpets, rugs, and synthetic textiles. It is also found in food, food processing &amp; cookware, specifically in food packaging and the preparation of wort, vinegar, wine, or sparkling wine. Additionally, it is present in electrical &amp; electronic equipment, including batteries, capacitors, printed circuit boards, cell phones, and wires and cables, among three other sectors. Recorded exposure routes for the compound include oral, inhalation, and touch.</description>
  <categories/>
  <types>
    <type>PFAS</type>
    <type>Phytotoxin</type>
  </types>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one</synonym>
    <synonym>Formononetin (Biochanin B)</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C16H12O4</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>268.268</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>268.073558866</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>formononetin</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>485-72-3</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=COC2=C(C=CC(O)=C2)C1=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C16H12O4/c1-19-12-5-2-10(3-6-12)14-9-20-15-8-11(17)4-7-13(15)16(14)18/h2-9,17H,1H3</inchi>
  <inchikey>HKQYGTCOTHHOMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Phenylpropanoids and polyketides</super_class>
    <class>Isoflavonoids</class>
    <sub_class>O-methylated isoflavonoids</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>4'-O-methylisoflavones</direct_parent>
    <alternate_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Alkyl aryl ethers</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Anisoles</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Chromones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Heteroaromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydroxyisoflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Isoflavones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Methoxybenzenes</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Phenoxy compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Pyranones and derivatives</alternative_parent>
    </alternate_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>4p-o-methylisoflavone</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl aryl ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Anisole</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Chromone</substituent>
      <substituent>Ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Heteroaromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxyisoflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Isoflavone</substituent>
      <substituent>Methoxybenzene</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol ether</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenoxy compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyranone</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <descriptors>
      <descriptor>7-hydroxyisoflavones</descriptor>
      <descriptor>Isoflavonoids</descriptor>
      <descriptor>Isoflavonoids</descriptor>
      <descriptor>a 4'-methoxyisoflavone</descriptor>
      <descriptor>isoflavones</descriptor>
      <descriptor>methoxyisoflavone</descriptor>
    </descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <status>Detected and Not Quantified</status>
  <origin/>
  <cellular_locations/>
  <biofluid_locations/>
  <tissue_locations/>
  <pathways/>
  <state/>
  <appearance/>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.88</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>3.56</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.82</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>4.02e-02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.88</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>6.48</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-4.7</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>268.268</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>268.073558866</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>COC1=CC=C(C=C1)C1=COC2=C(C=CC(O)=C2)C1=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C16H12O4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C16H12O4/c1-19-12-5-2-10(3-6-12)14-9-20-15-8-11(17)4-7-13(15)16(14)18/h2-9,17H,1H3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>HKQYGTCOTHHOMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>55.76</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>74.18</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>27.86</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <route_of_exposure/>
  <mechanism_of_toxicity/>
  <metabolism/>
  <toxicity/>
  <lethaldose/>
  <carcinogenicity/>
  <use_source/>
  <min_risk_level/>
  <health_effects>#&lt;HealthEffect::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007f7221874f70&gt;</health_effects>
  <symptoms/>
  <treatment/>
  <drugbank_id>DB15335</drugbank_id>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>5280378</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chembl_id/>
  <chemspider_id>4444070</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <uniprot_id/>
  <omim_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <ctd_id/>
  <stitch_id/>
  <actor_id/>
  <pdb_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <general_references/>
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</compound>
