<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-05-22 03:42:43 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2026-08-18 22:06:30 UTC</update_date>
  <accession/>
  <common_name>Leflunomide</common_name>
  <class>SmallMolecule</class>
  <description>Leflunomide is an organic compound with the formula C12H9F3N2O2 and an average molecular weight of 270.21 g/mol. Leflunomide belongs to the anilides, a subclass of benzene and substituted derivatives within the organic compounds. It is recorded as being found in or released from 14 sources, including healthcare, pharmaceuticals &amp; veterinary products (immunosuppressants), food, food processing &amp; cookware (food preservation, processing meats), household cleaning &amp; consumer products (cigar cigarettes, non electric simulated smoking devices, other smoking requisites, tobacco smoke filters), and electrical &amp; electronic equipment (electric hearing aids, electric switches, electrically stimulated smoking devices, electrodes, hybrid capacitors, and 2 more). Exposure routes for this compound are recorded as topical and oral.

At the molecular level, leflunomide acts on four recorded protein targets as an agonist, antagonist, or inhibitor, specifically targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta (PTK2B), and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial (DHODH). In terms of health effects, the compound is used as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (PMC8933701) and psoriasis (PMC4893110).</description>
  <categories/>
  <types>
    <type>Human Neurotoxin</type>
  </types>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>5-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamide</synonym>
    <synonym>Leflunomid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C12H9F3N2O2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>270.2073</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>270.061612157</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>5-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamide</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>leflunomide</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>75706-12-6</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CC1=C(C=NO1)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(F)(F)F</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C12H9F3N2O2/c1-7-10(6-16-19-7)11(18)17-9-4-2-8(3-5-9)12(13,14)15/h2-6H,1H3,(H,17,18)</inchi>
  <inchikey>VHOGYURTWQBHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Benzenoids</super_class>
    <class>Benzene and substituted derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Anilides</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Aromatic anilides</direct_parent>
    <alternate_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alkyl fluorides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Azacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Heteroaromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Isoxazoles</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organofluorides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organonitrogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organooxygen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organopnictogen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary carboxylic acid amides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Trifluoromethylbenzenes</alternative_parent>
    </alternate_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Alkyl fluoride</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl halide</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic anilide</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Azacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Azole</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxamide group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Heteroaromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Isoxazole</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic nitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organofluoride</substituent>
      <substituent>Organohalogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organonitrogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organopnictogen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary carboxylic acid amide</substituent>
      <substituent>Trifluoromethylbenzene</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <descriptors>
      <descriptor>(trifluoromethyl)benzenes</descriptor>
      <descriptor>isoxazoles</descriptor>
      <descriptor>monocarboxylic acid amide</descriptor>
    </descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <status>Detected and Not Quantified</status>
  <origin/>
  <cellular_locations/>
  <biofluid_locations/>
  <tissue_locations/>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Leflunomide Drug Metabolism Action Pathway</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0143519</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <state/>
  <appearance/>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.51</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.52</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.51</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>8.44e-02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.51</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>10.41</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-0.45</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>5-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamide</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>270.2073</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>270.061612157</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CC1=C(C=NO1)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(F)(F)F</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C12H9F3N2O2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C12H9F3N2O2/c1-7-10(6-16-19-7)11(18)17-9-4-2-8(3-5-9)12(13,14)15/h2-6H,1H3,(H,17,18)</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>VHOGYURTWQBHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>55.13</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>64.16</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>23.11</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <route_of_exposure/>
  <mechanism_of_toxicity/>
  <metabolism/>
  <toxicity/>
  <lethaldose/>
  <carcinogenicity/>
  <use_source/>
  <min_risk_level/>
  <health_effects>#&lt;HealthEffect::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy:0x00007f7267bc69a8&gt;</health_effects>
  <symptoms/>
  <treatment/>
  <drugbank_id>DB01097</drugbank_id>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>3899</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chembl_id/>
  <chemspider_id>3762</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <uniprot_id/>
  <omim_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <ctd_id/>
  <stitch_id/>
  <actor_id/>
  <pdb_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <general_references/>
  <targets>
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  </targets>
</compound>
