Chloroform (CED0000007)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-03-06 18:57:55 UTC

Update Date

2026-05-14 19:09:15 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM000009

Identification

Common Name

Chloroform

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Chloroform belongs to the halomethanes, a subclass of alkyl halides within the organic compounds. It is an exogenous liquid with the formula CHCl3 and an average molecular weight of 119.38 g/mol. Chloroform is classified as an organohalogen compound. It serves various roles and uses, including as an inhalation anaesthetic, a non-polar chemical solvent, a central nervous system drug, a refrigerant, an industrial solvent (PMC13047040), and a biological electron acceptor (PMC4383557). It is also used as an industrial processing aid and acts as a biological carcinogenic agent. The compound is found in or released from 62 recorded sources, including aquatic systems and sediments, drinking water and water supply, wastewater, sanitation and biosolids, household cleaning and consumer products, food, food processing and cookware, and electrical and electronic equipment. Recorded exposure routes include oral, touch, and inhalation (PMC11880222, PMC13457292, PMC4163257). Health effects associated with chloroform include dizziness (PMC12384803), increased anemia (PMC12228674), and cancer (PMC10552926, PMC13262032, PMC9925107). Chloroform interacts with 35 recorded protein targets. It blocks HERG potassium channels (KCNH2, KCNH6, and KCNH7), which can cause cardiac arrest. It inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, including ATP2C1, ATP2A1, ATP2A2, and FXYD2, leading to intracellular free calcium ion accumulation and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. Furthermore, it antagonizes gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at GABA-A receptors, including GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, and GABRA4, causing central nervous system hyperexcitability. Finally, it binds to and inhibits the estrogen receptor (ESR1 and ESR2), causing endocrine disruption in humans.

Contaminant Type

Cigarette Toxin
Drug
Food Toxin
Household Toxin
Human Neurotoxin
Indicator and Reagent
Industrial/Workplace Toxin
Metabolite
Organic Compound
Organochloride
PMT
Pesticide
Pollutant
Solvent
Synthetic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
1,1,1-Trichloromethane	ChEBI
CHCL3	ChEBI
Chloroforme	ChEBI
Chloroformium pro narcosi	ChEBI
Trichlormethan	ChEBI
Trichloromethane	ChEBI
CF	HMDB
Chloroform, acs	HMDB
Chloroformwith amylene	HMDB
Chloroformwith ethanol	HMDB
Cloroformio	HMDB
Formyl trichloride	HMDB
Freon 20	HMDB
HSDB 56	HMDB
Methane trichloride	HMDB
Methenyl chloride	HMDB
Methenyl trichloride	HMDB
Methyl trichloride	HMDB
Methylidyne trichloride	HMDB
R 20 (Refrigerant)	HMDB
R 20	HMDB
R20	HMDB
Refrigerant R20	HMDB
TCM	HMDB
Trichloormethaan	HMDB
trichloro-Methane	HMDB
Trichloroform	HMDB
Trichloromethane, 9ci	HMDB
Trichloromethyl radical	HMDB
Triclorometano	HMDB

Chemical Formula

CHCl₃

Average Molecular Mass

119.378 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

117.914 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

67-66-3

IUPAC Name

trichloromethane

Traditional Name

chloroform

SMILES

ClC(Cl)Cl

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/CHCl3/c2-1(3)4/h1H

InChI Key

HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as trihalomethanes. These are organic compounds in which exactly three of the four hydrogen atoms of methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organohalogen compounds

Class

Alkyl halides

Sub Class

Halomethanes

Direct Parent

Trihalomethanes

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Trihalomethane
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organochloride
Alkyl chloride
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

one-carbon compound (CHEBI:35255 )
chloromethanes (CHEBI:35255 )
a small molecule (CPD-843 )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm
Extracellular

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Applications

Biological Roles

Chemical Roles

non-polar solvent

Organoleptic Effects

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Liquid

Appearance

Colorless liquid.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	-63.2°C
Boiling Point	61.2 °C
Solubility	7.95 mg/mL at 25°C

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	6.95 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	1.67	ALOGPS
logP	1.83	ChemAxon
logS	-1.2	ALOGPS
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	0 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	21.37 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	8.52 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-001r-9000000000-d2165f9bfa5b3898f4d5	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-001r-9000000000-375900f120fe0ebf7c58	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-001r-9000000000-4c60f1e48cbdf424460b	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-001r-9000000000-d2165f9bfa5b3898f4d5	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-001r-9000000000-375900f120fe0ebf7c58	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-001r-9000000000-4c60f1e48cbdf424460b	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0159-5900000000-13ef070956a851ce2784	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum	Not Available	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-6f9c7451d6c432351608	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-6f9c7451d6c432351608	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-6f9c7451d6c432351608	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-cb9a1ddc44b429b7e0f1	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-cb9a1ddc44b429b7e0f1	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-cb9a1ddc44b429b7e0f1	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-530b2b8e87acbcec8fdc	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-530b2b8e87acbcec8fdc	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-9000000000-1066c6b02caa36264b10	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-93c2c20fb25adc5e905a	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-93c2c20fb25adc5e905a	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-93c2c20fb25adc5e905a	Not Available	View Spectrum
MS	MS Spectrum	splash10-001r-9000000000-dd0c3059130b9d8e0a21	Not Available	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	Not Available	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	Not Available	View Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Mechanism of Toxicity

Chloroform and the reactive intermediates of chloroform metabolism, especially phosgene, bind covalently and irreversibly to cellular macromolecules and cause cellular damage within the liver and kidney. While the exact mechanism is unknown, phosgene has been shown to react with molecules such as cysteine, deplete hepatic glutathione, form adducts with microsomal proteins, and elevate hepatic enzyme levels. Chloroform has also been shown to block HERG potassium channels, causing cardiac arrest. (8, 1, 2)

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans. (10)

Minimum Risk Level

Acute Inhalation: 0.1 ppm (9) Intermediate Inhalation: 0.05 ppm (9) Chronic Inhalation: 0.02 ppm (9) Acute Oral: 0.3 mg/kg/day (9) Intermediate Oral: 0.1 mg/kg/day (9) Chronic Oral: 0.1 mg/kg/day (9)

Symptoms

Acute inhalation of chloroform causes dizziness, fatigue, and headache. (8)

Treatment

There is no known antidote for chloroform. Exposure is usually handled with symptomatic treatment. (8)

Toxicity Values

Toxicity Value	Unit	Value Range	Organism	Dose Descriptor	Route of Exposure	Predicted or Experimental	Reference
36.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Mouse	LD50	Oral	experimental	L138
623.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Mouse	LD50	Intraperitoneal	experimental	L138
704.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Mouse	LD50	Subcutaneous	experimental	L138
47702.0	mg/m3	Not Available	Rat	LC50	Inhalation (4 hours)	experimental	L138

Health Effects

Health Effect	Relationship	Direction	Reference
cancer	associated_with	Not Available	PMC10552926 , PMC13262032 , PMC9925107
dizziness	associated_with	Not Available	PMC12384803
anemia	associated_with	increase	PMC12228674
uterine cancer	associated_with	Not Available	PMC13392805 , PMC13392805 , PMC13392805

Exposure Sources

Source ID	Source	Sector	Reference
3	Irrigation water	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
10	Insecticides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
27	Water Coolers	Appliances, HVAC & refrigerants	Not Available
43	Water heaters	Appliances, HVAC & refrigerants	Not Available
50	Groundwater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
51	Surface water	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
52	Seawater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
53	Freshwater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
70	Stormwater runoff	Automotive & urban infrastructure	Not Available
88	Waterproofing sprays	Building & Construction	Not Available
115	Drinking water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
116	Tap water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
117	Bottled water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
118	Desalinated water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
181	Ballast water	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
182	Bilge water	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
233	Brushes	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
468	Industrial wastewater	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
470	Wastewater treatment effluent	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
475	Mine wastewater	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
477	Wastewater, unspecified	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
494	Food contact materials	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
503	Tents Or Canopies	Building & Construction	Not Available
504	Adjustable Resistors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
506	Antennas	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
507	Auxiliary Devices	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
508	Coils	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
510	Communication Cables Or Conductors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
511	Conductors Or Conductive Bodies Characterised By The Conductive Materials	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
513	Cores Yokes Or Armatures	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
514	Discharge Lamps	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
517	Electric Switches	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
518	Electrically Stimulated Smoking Devices	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
519	Electrodes	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
520	Emergency Protective Devices	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
521	Fixed Capacitors And Their Manufacture	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
523	Gas Filled Discharge Tubes With Solid Cathode	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
524	Hybrid Capacitors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
527	Magnets	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
529	Power Cables	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
531	Relays	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
532	Selectors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
535	Superconducting Magnets And Superconducting Coils	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
536	Superconductive Or Hyperconductive Conductors Cables Or Transmission Lines	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
537	Television Systems	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
538	Thin Magnetic Films	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
540	X Ray Tubes	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
544	Fermentation Processes For Beer	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
545	Food Preservation	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
547	Preparation Of Malt	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
548	Preparation Of Vinegar	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
549	Preparation Of Wine Or Sparkling Wine	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
550	Preparation Of Wort	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
551	Processing Fish	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
552	Processing Meats	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
553	Treatment Of Hops	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
555	Bleaching Agents	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
556	Cigar Cigarettes	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
560	Other Smoking Requisites	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
561	Perfumes Within Detergents And Soaps	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
562	Pipe Accessories	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
563	Soap Detergents	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
569	Tobacco Smoke Filters	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
573	Key Rings	Household items	Not Available
578	Making Cigars	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
579	Manufacture Of Iron Or Steel	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
580	Manufacture Preparation Of Tobacco Products	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
581	Paper Making Machines	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
584	Buoys	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
592	Marine Propulsion Or Steering	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
596	Acaricides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
597	Chemosterilants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
600	Herbicides And Algicides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
602	Molluscicides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
603	Nematocides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
604	Pest Attractants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
605	Pest Repellants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
606	Plant Growth Regulators	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
607	Rodenticides(1)	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
608	Rodenticides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
609	Aftershave	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
610	Aftersun Products	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
611	Anti Perspirants Or Body Deoderants	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
612	Body Washing Or Cleaning Implements	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
613	Depilatories	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
614	Essential Oils Or Perfumes	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
615	Eye Makeup Products	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
616	Face Mask Cosmetics	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
617	Lip Care Products	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
618	Lip Makeup Products	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
619	Manicure Pedicure	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
630	Toys	Recreation & sports surfaces	Not Available
631	Anthraquinone Dyes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
632	Apparel	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
633	Azo Dyes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
634	Buckles	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
638	Decorating Textiles	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
640	Embroidering And Tufting	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
642	Footwear	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
643	Headwear	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
647	Multicolour Dyeing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
648	Nitro Dyes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
650	Purses Luggage Hand Bags	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
652	Ropes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
653	Sewing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
655	Slide Fasteners	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
657	Surface Finishing Of Leather	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
658	Touch Fasteners	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
659	Transfer Printing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
661	Umbrellas	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
662	Yarns Or Threads	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available

Pathways

2 pathways

Chloroform Drug Metabolism

Chloroform Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Targets

Structure	Protein	UniProt ID	Organism	Relationship	Details
Click to view 3D structure	Retinal dehydrogenase 2	O93344	Gallus gallus	Predicted (SEA)	271.772
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	P23975	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.3
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	P31645	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.38
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	Q01959	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.61
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	P31652	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	7784.14
Click to view 3D structure	Glutamine synthetase, chloroplastic	P25462	Zea mays	Predicted (SEA)	4522.96
Click to view 3D structure	Transporter	Q63380	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	7783.52
Click to view 3D structure	Type IV secretion-like conjugative transfer relaxase protein TraI	B1LRJ1	Escherichia coli (strain SMS-3-5 / SECEC)	Predicted (SEA)	344.094
Click to view 3D structure	Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1	P27463	Gallus gallus	Predicted (SEA)	4287.08
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	P41595	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.61
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	P43140	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	7784.38
Click to view 3D structure	Adenosine receptor A3	P0DMS8	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	P08913	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 2	P00918	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.77
Click to view 3D structure	Tubulin alpha chain	Q27352	Trypanosoma cruzi	Predicted (SEA)	7552.08
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	P23977	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	7784.53
Click to view 3D structure	Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1	P14902	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.07
Click to view 3D structure	Genome polyprotein	P29990	dengue virus type 2	Predicted (SEA)	7782.9
Click to view 3D structure	Norepinephrine transporter	Q9WTR4	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	7784.46
Click to view 3D structure	Hexokinase HKDC1	Q2TB90	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.22
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6	P50406	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	Protein RecA	P9WHJ3	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Predicted (SEA)	7784.53
Click to view 3D structure	Acetylcholinesterase	P22303	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.61
Click to view 3D structure	Liver carboxylesterase 1	P23141	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7783.91
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 9	Q16790	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.84
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor	P03372	Humans	Known	Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor beta	Q92731	Humans	Known	Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
Click to view 3D structure	Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1	P98194	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	P14867	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	P47869	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	P34903	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	P48169	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	P31644	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Q16445	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	P18505	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	P47870	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	P28472	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	O14764	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	P78334	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Q8N1C3	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	P18507	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Q99928	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	O00591	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1	P24046	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2	P28476	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3	A8MPY1	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	Q9UN88	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel KCNH2	Q12809	Humans	Known	Chloroform has been shown to block HERG potassium channels, causing cardiac arrest. (A29)
Click to view 3D structure	Voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel KCNH6	Q9H252	Humans	Known	Chloroform has been shown to block HERG potassium channels, causing cardiac arrest. (A29)
Click to view 3D structure	Voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel KCNH7	Q9NS40	Humans	Known	Chloroform has been shown to block HERG potassium channels, causing cardiac arrest. (A29)
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1	O14983	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2	P16615	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1	P05023	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2	P50993	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3	P13637	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4	Q13733	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1	P05026	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2	P14415	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3	P54709	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma	P54710	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)