Dieldrin (CED0000012)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-03-06 18:57:55 UTC

Update Date

2026-04-15 17:36:28 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM000015

Identification

Common Name

Dieldrin

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Dieldrin (C12H8Cl6O) is an exogenous solid with an average molecular weight of 380.91 g/mol. Dieldrin belongs to the monoterpenoids, a subclass of prenol lipids within the organic compounds. Industrially, it is utilized as a biocide, degradant/impurity, pesticide (PMC4145850), and an organochlorine insecticide (PMC3658697) or pesticide (PMC3889157, PMC6826260). It is also used in Low-Density Polyethylene and is classified as a persistent organic pollutant (PMC3618895). Exposure occurs via inhalation, oral, and touch routes, with recorded sources including drinking water, tobacco pipes, floors, roofs, electrical and electronic equipment—such as power cables, magnets, amplifiers, video games, and line transmission systems—and food processing activities involving meats, molasses, and the preparation of wine or sparkling wine. Biologically, dieldrin acts as a xenobiotic, carcinogenic agent, estrogen (PMC3618895), and insecticide (PMC6826260, PMC7908579). It causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor (ESR1, ESR2). It antagonizes gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at GABA-A receptors (GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, GABRA4 and 15 other proteins), blocking chloride ion uptake and causing central nervous system hyperexcitability. Additionally, it inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase (ATP1A1, ATP1A2, ATP1A3, ATP1A4 and 7 other proteins), leading to intracellular free calcium accumulation and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. Dieldrin also binds to alpha-synuclein (SNCA), forming intracellular fibrils. Health effects include associations with inflammation, ischemia, Alzheimer's disease (PMC3173749), Parkinson's disease (PMC3551655), neurodegenerative disease (PMC6826260), low birth weight (PMC3447581), endometriosis (PMC9908711), and various cancers, including breast cancer (PMC4933552, PMC5581466, PMC9408650), prostate cancer (PMC5464684), and general cancer (PMC3551655, PMC5132641, PMC7056722). It has been detected in the blood of patients with breast cancer (PMC5581466). Dieldrin is also listed as a treatment for sleeping sickness and malaria (PMC9761600).

Contaminant Type

Ether
Human Neurotoxin
Organic Compound
Organochloride
Pesticide
Pollutant
Synthetic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
(1Aalpha,2beta,2aalpha,3beta,6beta,6aalpha,7beta,7aalpha)-3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-2,7:3,6-dimethanonaphtho[2,3-b]oxirene	ChEBI
(1R,4S,4AS,5R,6R,7S,8S,8ar)-1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-6,7-epoxy-1,4:5,8-dimethanonaphthalene	ChEBI
1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,4-endo-exo-5,8-dimethanonaphthalene	ChEBI
HEOD	ChEBI
(1Aalpha,2b,2aalpha,3b,6b,6aalpha,7b,7aalpha)-3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-2,7:3,6-dimethanonaphtho[2,3-b]oxirene	Generator
(1Aalpha,2β,2aalpha,3β,6β,6aalpha,7β,7aalpha)-3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-2,7:3,6-dimethanonaphtho[2,3-b]oxirene	Generator
Alvit-55	MeSH
Alvit 55	MeSH
Alvit55	MeSH

Chemical Formula

C₁₂H₈Cl₆O

Average Molecular Mass

380.909 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

377.871 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

60-57-1

IUPAC Name

(1R,2S,3S,6R,7R,8S,9S,11R)-3,4,5,6,13,13-hexachloro-10-oxapentacyclo[6.3.1.1³,⁶.0²,⁷.0⁹,¹¹]tridec-4-ene

Traditional Name

dieldrin

SMILES

[H][C@]12O[C@@]1([H])[C@@]1([H])C[C@]2([H])[C@@]2([H])[C@]1([H])[C@@]1(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)[C@]2(Cl)C1(Cl)Cl

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C12H8Cl6O/c13-8-9(14)11(16)5-3-1-2(6-7(3)19-6)4(5)10(8,15)12(11,17)18/h2-7H,1H2/t2-,3+,4+,5-,6-,7+,10+,11-

InChI Key

DFBKLUNHFCTMDC-PICURKEMSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monoterpenoids. Monoterpenoids are compounds containing a chain of two isoprene units.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Lipids and lipid-like molecules

Class

Prenol lipids

Sub Class

Monoterpenoids

Direct Parent

Monoterpenoids

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Monoterpenoid
Norbornane monoterpenoid
Oxepane
Oxane
Dialkyl ether
Oxirane
Ether
Oxacycle
Vinyl chloride
Vinyl halide
Organoheterocyclic compound
Haloalkene
Chloroalkene
Organooxygen compound
Hydrocarbon derivative
Alkyl chloride
Alkyl halide
Organic oxygen compound
Organohalogen compound
Organochloride
Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds

External Descriptors

organochlorine insecticide (CHEBI:34696 )
organochlorine compound (CHEBI:34696 )
epoxide (CHEBI:34696 )
Organochlorine pesticides (C13718 )
Organochlorine insecticides (C13718 )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Cell junction
Cytosol
Endoplasmic reticulum
Extracellular
Lysosome
Membrane
Microsome
Mitochondrion
Nucleolus
Peroxisome
Plasma Membrane
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Synaptic Vesicle

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Organoleptic Effects

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

White powder.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	175.5°C
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	0.000195 mg/mL at 25 °C [BIGGAR,JW & RIGGS,RI (1974)]

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.0002 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	4.98	ALOGPS
logP	3.95	ChemAxon
logS	-6.3	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-4.2	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	12.53 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	78.01 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	31.36 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	5	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-004i-0009000000-4e3ab80ba2cb5f78445d	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-01t9-0009000000-47b57ee68ea2b95cb4a8	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-003r-9124000000-f5c8679adbd456c1b9e6	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-004i-0009000000-c15682ff19a328a64b01	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-004i-0009000000-41a18726a0ad03aeb1f3	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-0006-2209000000-4c9e51dcaa850bbc46a8	Not Available	View Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Mechanism of Toxicity

Dieldrin antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions. Dieldrin also inhibits Na+ K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the CNS. This results in hyperexcitation and generalized seizures. Dieldrin also binds to alpha-synuclein, leading to the formation of intracellular fibrils. (9, 4)

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (6)

Minimum Risk Level

Intermediate Oral: 0.0001 mg/kg/day (5) Chronic Oral: 0.00005 mg/kg/day (5)

Symptoms

Exposure to dieldrin results in headaches, dizziness, irritability, nausea and vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias, muscular weakness, uncontrolled muscle movements, hyperexcitability, seizures and coma. (4)

Treatment

Treatment is symptomatic, aimed at controlling convulsions, coma, and respiratory depression. If ingested, gastric lavage may be performed, followed by administering activated charcoal powder. (8)

Toxicity Values

Toxicity Value	Unit	Value Range	Organism	Dose Descriptor	Route of Exposure	Predicted or Experimental	Reference
38.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Rat	LD50	Oral	experimental	T14
56.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Rat	LD50	Dermal	experimental	T14
49.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Rat	LD50	Subcutaneous	experimental	L142
9.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Rat	LD50	Intravenous	experimental	T14
13.0	mg/m3	Not Available	Rat	LC50	Inhalation (4 hours)	experimental	L142

Health Effects

Health Effect	Relationship	Direction	Reference
inflammation	associated_with	Not Available	PMC3173749
cancer	associated_with	Not Available	PMC3551655 , PMC5132641 , PMC7056722
malaria	is_treatment_for	Not Available	PMC9761600
Alzheimer's disease	associated_with	Not Available	PMC3173749
breast cancer	associated_with	Not Available	PMC4933552 , PMC5581466 , PMC9408650
breast cancer	detected_in_blood_in	Not Available	PMC5581466
low birth weight	associated_with	Not Available	PMC3447581
Prostate cancer	associated_with	Not Available	PMC5464684
ischemia	associated_with	Not Available	PMC3173749
Parkinson's disease	associated_with	Not Available	PMC3551655
Endometriosis	associated_with	Not Available	PMC9908711
neurodegenerative disease	associated_with	Not Available	PMC6826260
sleeping sickness	is_treatment_for	Not Available	PMC9761600

Exposure Sources

Source ID	Source	Sector	Reference
115	Drinking water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
494	Food contact materials	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
497	Floors	Building & Construction	Not Available
499	Roofs	Building & Construction	Not Available
505	Amplifiers	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
525	Line Transmission Systems	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
527	Magnets	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
529	Power Cables	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
539	Video Games	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
546	Molasses And Treatment Of Molasses	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
549	Preparation Of Wine Or Sparkling Wine	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
552	Processing Meats	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
566	Tobacco Pipes	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
583	Anchoring Equipment	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
597	Chemosterilants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
598	Fertiliser Distributors	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
607	Rodenticides(1)	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
608	Rodenticides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available

Pathways

7 pathways

Apoptosis

Base excision repair

Proteasome

Phenylalanine metabolism

Oxidative phosphorylation

Circadian rhythm

Insulin secretion

Targets

Structure	Protein	UniProt ID	Organism	Relationship	Details
Click to view 3D structure	histidine kinase	O32393	Arthrospira platensis	Predicted (SEA)	0.233548
Click to view 3D structure	GABA receptor subunit	Q75NA5	Musca domestica	Predicted (SEA)	0.0778492
Click to view 3D structure	Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	Q9R0C9	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	4175.68
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	Q01959	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7141.19
Click to view 3D structure	Histamine H1 receptor	P35367	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7025.19
Click to view 3D structure	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	P08172	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	6890.98
Click to view 3D structure	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	P08173	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	6425.44
Click to view 3D structure	Histamine H2 receptor	P25021	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	6411.04
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	P18825	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	6712.16
Click to view 3D structure	Kappa-type opioid receptor	P41145	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7196.69
Click to view 3D structure	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	P08912	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	6525.09
Click to view 3D structure	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	P20309	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	6835.55
Click to view 3D structure	D(3) dopamine receptor	P35462	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7387.27
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	P18089	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7246.44
Click to view 3D structure	D(2) dopamine receptor	P14416	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7658.03
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	P23975	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7615.29
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	P35348	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7542.34
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	P31645	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7660.44
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	P28222	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7529.03
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A	P47898	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7383.38
Click to view 3D structure	Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform	Q76MZ3	Mus musculus	Predicted (SEA)	22.8877
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	P28223	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7718.36
Click to view 3D structure	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	P11229	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7663.94
Click to view 3D structure	Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	Q60492	Cavia porcellus	Predicted (SEA)	7257.65
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	P08913	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7714.23
Click to view 3D structure	Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	O75469	Humans	Known	Not Available
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor	P03372	Humans	Known	Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor beta	Q92731	Humans	Known	Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1	P24046	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-synuclein	P37840	Humans	Known	Dieldrin binds to alpha-synuclein, leading to the formation of intracellular fibrils. (L87)
Click to view 3D structure	Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1	P98194	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	P14867	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	P47869	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	P34903	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	P48169	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	P31644	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Q16445	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	P18505	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	P47870	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	P28472	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	O14764	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	P78334	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Q8N1C3	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	P18507	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Q99928	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	O00591	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2	P28476	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3	A8MPY1	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	Q9UN88	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1	O14983	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2	P16615	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1	P05023	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2	P50993	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3	P13637	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4	Q13733	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1	P05026	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2	P14415	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3	P54709	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma	P54710	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Retinoic acid receptor alpha	P10276	Humans	Known	Not Available
Click to view 3D structure	Retinoic acid receptor beta	P10826	Humans	Known	Not Available
Click to view 3D structure	Bile acid receptor	Q96RI1	Humans	Known	Not Available
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome P450 2B6	P20813	Humans	Known	Not Available
Click to view 3D structure	Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha	P41235	Humans	Known	Not Available