Tetrachloroethylene (CED0000022)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-03-06 18:57:57 UTC

Update Date

2026-08-22 09:28:41 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM000029

Identification

Common Name

Tetrachloroethylene

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Tetrachloroethylene (C2Cl4) is an exogenous liquid with an average molecular weight of 165.83 g/mol. Tetrachloroethylene belongs to the vinyl chlorides, a subclass of vinyl halides within the organic compounds. It is utilized industrially as a solvent (PMC4916338) and solubility enhancer, and it acts as a biological nephrotoxic agent. The compound is present in polyethylene terephthalate, while its presence in superabsorbent polymer remains inconclusive. It is released from 67 recorded sources, including aquatic systems and sediments, drinking water and water supply, wastewater, sanitation and biosolids, food, food processing and cookware, building and construction, and electrical and electronic equipment. Exposure occurs via oral, touch, and inhalation routes, with the latter supported by literature (PMC3496877, PMC3889157). The compound targets 32 proteins, including the estrogen receptor (ESR1, ESR2), where it causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the receptor. It antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at GABA-A receptors—including subunits GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, and GABRA4—blocking GABA-induced chloride ion uptake and causing central nervous system hyperexcitability. Additionally, it inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, including subunits ATP1A1, ATP1A2, ATP1A3, and ATP1A4. This inhibition leads to intracellular free calcium ion accumulation, promoting neurotransmitter release, depolarization of adjacent neurons, and propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. Health effects associated with tetrachloroethylene include an increase in asthma (PMC12337040) and schizophrenia (PMC10525014, PMC4120423), as well as cancer (PMC9961358), specifically liver cancer (PMC12199832), pancreatic cancer (PMC6394840), and an increase in breast cancer (PMC11425761).

Contaminant Type

Cigarette Toxin
Household Toxin
Human Neurotoxin
Industrial/Workplace Toxin
Metabolite
Organic Compound
Organochloride
PMT
Pollutant
Solvent
Synthetic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene	ChEBI
Ethylene tetrachloride	ChEBI
PCE	ChEBI
PERC	ChEBI
PERK	ChEBI
Tetrachloraethen	ChEBI
Tetrachlorethylene	ChEBI
Tetrachloroethylene	ChEBI
1,1,2, 2-Tetrachloroethylene	HMDB
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethene	HMDB
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene (acd/name 4.0)	HMDB
Ankilostin	HMDB
Antisal 1	HMDB
Antisol 1	HMDB
Carbon bichloride	HMDB
Carbon dichloride	HMDB
Czterochloroetylen	HMDB
Didakene	HMDB
Dow-per	HMDB
Fedal-un	HMDB
Nema	HMDB
Nema, veterinary	HMDB
Perawin	HMDB
Perchloorethyleen, per	HMDB
Perchlor	HMDB
Perchloraethylen, per	HMDB
Perchlorethylene	HMDB
Perchlorethylene, per	HMDB
Perchloroethene	HMDB
Perclene	HMDB
Perclene D	HMDB
Perclene TG	HMDB
Percloroetilene	HMDB
Percosolve	HMDB
Perklone	HMDB
PerSec	HMDB
RCRA waste number u210	HMDB
Tetlen	HMDB
Tetracap	HMDB
Tetrachlooretheen	HMDB
Tetrachlorathen	HMDB
Tetrachloro-ethene	HMDB
Tetrachloro-ethylene	HMDB
Tetrachloroethene	HMDB
Tetracloroetene	HMDB
Tetraguer	HMDB
Tetraleno	HMDB
Tetralex	HMDB
Tetravec	HMDB
Tetroguer	HMDB
Tetropil	HMDB
Perchloroethylene	ChEBI

Chemical Formula

C₂Cl₄

Average Molecular Mass

165.833 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

163.875 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

127-18-4

IUPAC Name

tetrachloroethene

Traditional Name

perchloroethylene

SMILES

ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6

InChI Key

CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as vinyl chlorides. These are vinyl halides in which a chlorine atom is bonded to an sp2-hybridised carbon atom.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organohalogen compounds

Class

Vinyl halides

Sub Class

Vinyl chlorides

Direct Parent

Vinyl chlorides

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Chloroalkene
Haloalkene
Vinyl chloride
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organochloride
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

chlorocarbon (CHEBI:17300 )
chloroethenes (CHEBI:17300 )
a small molecule (TETRACHLOROETHENE )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Membrane

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

nephrotoxic agent

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Organoleptic Effects

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Liquid

Appearance

Colorless liquid.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	-22.3°C
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	0.206 mg/mL at 25°C

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.33 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	3.13	ALOGPS
logP	2.62	ChemAxon
logS	-2.7	ALOGPS
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	0 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	50.78 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	11.6 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-02u0-4900000000-9854a27a57b089103a95	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-02ce-9700000000-15e97c87ff2d3325dcde	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-02u0-4900000000-9854a27a57b089103a95	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-02ce-9700000000-15e97c87ff2d3325dcde	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-0900000000-c9d94a196093a68ede77	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum	Not Available	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0900000000-8a7abc89fb2f94b90417	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0900000000-8a7abc89fb2f94b90417	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0900000000-8a7abc89fb2f94b90417	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0900000000-8296157f9f0ba5c9a39f	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0900000000-8296157f9f0ba5c9a39f	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0900000000-8296157f9f0ba5c9a39f	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0900000000-502fa884cfe21613d14c	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0900000000-502fa884cfe21613d14c	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-004i-0900000000-81606de257ffa3a01ba5	Not Available	View Spectrum
MS	MS Spectrum	splash10-02u0-2900000000-b8b0d0d4e84c9a237c39	Not Available	View Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Mechanism of Toxicity

Tetrachloroethylene is believed to affect the central nervous system by altering the fatty acid pattern of brain phospholipids and amino acids, or being incorporated into brain membranes, which may alter neural conduction velocity. Tetrachloroethylene's liver toxicity is caused mainly by its metabolite, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), which induces hepatocellular peroxisomes, causing DNA damage and leading to liver cancer. It is also thought to interfere specifically with energy-dependent hepatic transport functions by inhibiting cell membrane ATPases and decreasing hepatocyte ATP levels. (7, 1)

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

2A, probably carcinogenic to humans. (9)

Minimum Risk Level

Acute Inhalation: 2 ppm (8) Intermediate Inhalation: 0.1 ppm (8) Acute Oral: 0.2 mg/kg/day (8)

Symptoms

Exposure to high concentrations of tetrachloroethylene can cause dizziness, headache, sleepiness, confusion, nausea, difficulty in speaking and walking, unconsciousness, and death. Irritation may result from repeated or extended skin contact with it. (7)

Treatment

Tetrachloroethylene has no known antidote, and exposure is usually treated symptomatically. (7)

Toxicity Values

Toxicity Value	Unit	Value Range	Organism	Dose Descriptor	Route of Exposure	Predicted or Experimental	Reference
3835.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Rat	LD50	Oral	experimental	L116
4678.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Rat	LD50	Intraperitoneal	experimental	T18

Health Effects

Health Effect	Relationship	Direction	Reference
cancer	associated_with	Not Available	PMC9961358
breast cancer	associated_with	increase	PMC11425761
asthma	associated_with	increase	PMC12337040
liver cancer	associated_with	Not Available	PMC12199832
schizophrenia	associated_with	increase	PMC10525014 , PMC4120423
pancreatic cancer	associated_with	Not Available	PMC6394840
bipolar disorder	associated_with	increase	PMC4120423
post-traumatic stress disorder	associated_with	increase	PMC4120423

Exposure Sources

Source ID	Source	Sector	Reference
3	Irrigation water	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
27	Water Coolers	Appliances, HVAC & refrigerants	Not Available
43	Water heaters	Appliances, HVAC & refrigerants	Not Available
50	Groundwater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
51	Surface water	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
52	Seawater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
53	Freshwater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
70	Stormwater runoff	Automotive & urban infrastructure	Not Available
88	Waterproofing sprays	Building & Construction	Not Available
115	Drinking water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
116	Tap water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
117	Bottled water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
118	Desalinated water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
181	Ballast water	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
182	Bilge water	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
233	Brushes	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
468	Industrial wastewater	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
470	Wastewater treatment effluent	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
475	Mine wastewater	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
477	Wastewater, unspecified	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
494	Food contact materials	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
495	Ceilings	Building & Construction	Not Available
497	Floors	Building & Construction	Not Available
499	Roofs	Building & Construction	Not Available
500	Stairs And Ramps	Building & Construction	Not Available
501	Sunshades Awnings Or Outside Screens	Building & Construction	Not Available
502	Sunshades Awnings Or Outside Screens	Building & Construction	Not Available
503	Tents Or Canopies	Building & Construction	Not Available
504	Adjustable Resistors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
505	Amplifiers	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
506	Antennas	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
507	Auxiliary Devices	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
508	Coils	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
510	Communication Cables Or Conductors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
512	Contacts	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
513	Cores Yokes Or Armatures	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
514	Discharge Lamps	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
516	Electric Hearing Aids	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
517	Electric Switches	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
518	Electrically Stimulated Smoking Devices	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
520	Emergency Protective Devices	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
521	Fixed Capacitors And Their Manufacture	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
523	Gas Filled Discharge Tubes With Solid Cathode	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
525	Line Transmission Systems	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
527	Magnets	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
528	Microphones	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
529	Power Cables	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
530	Radio Transmission Systems	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
531	Relays	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
532	Selectors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
533	Sparking Plugs	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
535	Superconducting Magnets And Superconducting Coils	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
537	Television Systems	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
538	Thin Magnetic Films	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
539	Video Games	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
540	X Ray Tubes	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
544	Fermentation Processes For Beer	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
547	Preparation Of Malt	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
549	Preparation Of Wine Or Sparkling Wine	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
550	Preparation Of Wort	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
551	Processing Fish	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
552	Processing Meats	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
553	Treatment Of Hops	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
555	Bleaching Agents	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
556	Cigar Cigarettes	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
559	Non Electric Simulated Smoking Devices	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
560	Other Smoking Requisites	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
573	Key Rings	Household items	Not Available
578	Making Cigars	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
579	Manufacture Of Iron Or Steel	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
581	Paper Making Machines	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
583	Anchoring Equipment	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
584	Buoys	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
592	Marine Propulsion Or Steering	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
593	Nautical Instruments	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
594	Ship Hulls	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
597	Chemosterilants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
598	Fertiliser Distributors	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
602	Molluscicides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
604	Pest Attractants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
605	Pest Repellants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
607	Rodenticides(1)	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
608	Rodenticides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
609	Aftershave	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
613	Depilatories	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
619	Manicure Pedicure	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
620	Card Games	Recreation & sports surfaces	Not Available
621	Chutes And Slides	Recreation & sports surfaces	Not Available
624	Merry Go Rounds	Recreation & sports surfaces	Not Available
625	Racing Sports	Recreation & sports surfaces	Not Available
630	Toys	Recreation & sports surfaces	Not Available
631	Anthraquinone Dyes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
633	Azo Dyes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
634	Buckles	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
635	Buttons	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
638	Decorating Textiles	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
639	Degreasing Leather	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
640	Embroidering And Tufting	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
641	Foam Dyeing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
643	Headwear	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
644	Hook Or Eye Fasteners	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
645	Inorganic Fibres	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
647	Multicolour Dyeing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
648	Nitro Dyes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
649	Pins Clothes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
650	Purses Luggage Hand Bags	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
652	Ropes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
653	Sewing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
655	Slide Fasteners	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
657	Surface Finishing Of Leather	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
658	Touch Fasteners	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
659	Transfer Printing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
661	Umbrellas	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
662	Yarns Or Threads	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
663	Sanitary Equipment	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available

Pathways

0 pathways

No pathways found

No metabolic pathways have been associated with this synthetic chemical

Targets

Structure	Protein	UniProt ID	Organism	Relationship	Details
Click to view 3D structure	Type IV secretion-like conjugative transfer relaxase protein TraI	B1LRJ1	Escherichia coli (strain SMS-3-5 / SECEC)	Predicted (SEA)	6.30579
Click to view 3D structure	Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase	P38169	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast)	Predicted (SEA)	4605.95
Click to view 3D structure	3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 20	Q9FG87	Arabidopsis thaliana	Predicted (SEA)	415.559
Click to view 3D structure	Adenosine receptor A3	P0DMS8	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.22
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	P41595	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.38
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	P08913	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.46
Click to view 3D structure	Putative agmatine deiminase	Q8DW17	Streptococcus mutans serotype c (strain ATCC 700610 / UA159)	Predicted (SEA)	533.968
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	P18825	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.38
Click to view 3D structure	Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	P35439	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	7752.77
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor	P03372	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.07
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 9	Q16790	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	P28335	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.38
Click to view 3D structure	Short transient receptor potential channel 3	Q9QZC1	Mus musculus	Predicted (SEA)	7221.06
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	P18089	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.61
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 1	P00915	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.84
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	Q01959	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.61
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 2	P00918	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.77
Click to view 3D structure	Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	Q60492	Cavia porcellus	Predicted (SEA)	7784.38
Click to view 3D structure	Protein RecA	P9WHJ3	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Predicted (SEA)	7783.99
Click to view 3D structure	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	P08172	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.53
Click to view 3D structure	Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	P08173	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.46
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor beta	Q92731	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.3
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	P31645	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.61
Click to view 3D structure	Kappa-type opioid receptor	P41145	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7784.46
Click to view 3D structure	GTP-binding protein Rheb	Q15382	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	6013.46
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor	P03372	Humans	Known	Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor beta	Q92731	Humans	Known	Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
Click to view 3D structure	Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1	P98194	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	P14867	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	P47869	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	P34903	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	P48169	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	P31644	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Q16445	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	P18505	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	P47870	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	P28472	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	O14764	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	P78334	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Q8N1C3	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	P18507	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Q99928	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	O00591	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1	P24046	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2	P28476	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3	A8MPY1	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	Q9UN88	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1	O14983	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2	P16615	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1	P05023	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2	P50993	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3	P13637	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4	Q13733	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1	P05026	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2	P14415	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3	P54709	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma	P54710	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)