SynCED: Zinc

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-03-06 18:58:02 UTC

Update Date

2026-05-14 17:10:08 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM000070

Identification

Common Name

Zinc

Class

Small Molecule

Description

A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with anemia, short stature, hypogonadism, impaired wound healing, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.

Contaminant Sources

Clean Air Act Chemicals
FooDB Chemicals
HMDB Contaminants - Urine
HPV EPA Chemicals
OECD HPV Chemicals
T3DB toxins

Contaminant Type

Drug
Food Toxin
Household Toxin
Human Neurotoxin
Industrial/Workplace Toxin
Inorganic Compound
Metabolite
Metal
Natural Compound
Pollutant
Trace Element
Zinc Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
Dietary zinc	ChEBI
Zinc cation	ChEBI
ZINC ion	ChEBI
Zinc, ion (ZN2+)	ChEBI
ZN(II)	ChEBI
ZN(2+)	ChEBI
ZN2+	ChEBI
Mannosidase b, alpha	MeSH
alpha Mannosidase b	MeSH
alpha-D-Mannoside mannohydrolase	MeSH
Neutral alpha-mannosidase	MeSH
alpha D Mannosidase	MeSH
alpha-D-Mannosidase	MeSH
Lysosomal alpha-mannosidase	MeSH
Mannohydrolase, alpha-D-mannoside	MeSH
alpha Mannosidase	MeSH
alpha-Mannosidase	MeSH
LAMAN	MeSH
Lysosomal alpha mannosidase	MeSH
Neutral alpha mannosidase	MeSH
alpha D Mannoside mannohydrolase	MeSH
alpha-Mannosidase, lysosomal	MeSH
alpha-Mannosidase, neutral	MeSH
Topostin b	MeSH

Chemical Formula

Average Molecular Mass

65.409 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

63.929 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

7440-66-6

IUPAC Name

zinc(2+) ion

Traditional Name

zinc(2+) ion

SMILES

[Zn++]

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/Zn/q+2

InChI Key

PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous transition metal compounds. These are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a transition metal atom.

Kingdom

Inorganic compounds

Super Class

Homogeneous metal compounds

Class

Homogeneous transition metal compounds

Sub Class

Not Available

Direct Parent

Homogeneous transition metal compounds

Alternative Parents

Not Available

Substituents

Homogeneous transition metal

Molecular Framework

Not Available

External Descriptors

monoatomic dication (CHEBI:29105 )
divalent metal cation (CHEBI:29105 )
zinc cation (CHEBI:29105 )
a cation (ZN+2 )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Endogenous

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm
Extracellular

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

Bluish-white metallic solid.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	419.5°C
Boiling Point	908°C
Solubility	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	0.16	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	3.09	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	0 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	0 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	1.78 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure

Oral (3) ; inhalation (3) ; dermal (113)

Mechanism of Toxicity

Excessive zinc intake alters copper and iron absorption, most likely through competitive binding in intestinal mucosal cells. Stomach acid dissolves metallic zinc, producing zinc chloride, which is a corrosive product damaging the stomach lining. Metal fume fever is thought to be an immune response to inhaled zinc. (2, 3, 1)

Metabolism

Zinc enters the body through the lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal absorption of zinc is controlled by zinc carrier protein CRIP and metallothioneins. Zinc is widely distributed in tissues and tissues fluids, and concentrated in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, skin, lung, brain, heart, and pancreas. Zinc binds to carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes, and to albumin, α2-macroglobulin, and amino acids in the the plasma. Albumin and amino acid bound zinc can diffuse across tissue membranes. Zinc is excreted in the urine and faeces. (3)

Toxicity Values

LD50: 630 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (6)

Lethal Dose

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Uses/Sources

Zinc has many commercial uses as coatings to prevent rust, in dry cell batteries, and can be mixed with other metals to produce alloys such as brass and bronze. Zinc compounds are widely used in industry to make paint, rubber, dyes, wood preservatives, and ointments. (3)

Minimum Risk Level

Intermediate Oral: 0.3 mg/kg/day (5) Chronic Oral: 0.3 mg/kg/day (5)

Health Effects

Chronic exposure to zinc causes anemia, atazia, lethargy, and decreases the level of HDL (good) cholesterol in the body. It is also believed to cause pancreatic and reproductive damages. Unbalanced levels of copper and zinc binding to Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase have been linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). (3)

Symptoms

Ingestion of large doses of zinc causes stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Acute inhalation of large amounts of zinc causes metal fume fever, which is characterized by chills, fever, headache, weakness, dryness of the nose and throat, chest pain, and coughing. Dermal contact with zinc results in skin irritation. (3)

Treatment

Zinc poisoning is treated symptomatically, often by administering fluids such as water or milk, or with gastric lavage. (3)

Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB0001303

FooDB ID

FDB031256

Phenol Explorer ID