1,1,1-Trichloroethane (CED0007295)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-03-06 18:58:04 UTC

Update Date

2026-08-22 09:35:16 UTC

Accession Number

CHEM000089

Identification

Common Name

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

Class

Small Molecule

Description

1,1,1-Trichloroethane belongs to the organochlorides, a class of organohalogen compounds within the organic compounds. This exogenous liquid has the formula C2H3Cl3 and an average molecular weight of 133.40 g/mol. It serves as an industrial solvent and a polar chemical application. The compound is released from 59 recorded sources, including electrical and electronic equipment, food processing and cookware, building and construction, household cleaning and consumer products, aquatic systems and sediments, and drinking water and water supply. It is also released in polyvinyl chloride, while its presence in superabsorbent polymer remains inconclusive. Recorded exposure routes include oral, touch, and inhalation, with the latter supported by literature (PMC13303702). The compound interacts with 33 recorded protein targets. It inhibits the activity of membrane-bound enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase and binds covalently to DNA and RNA. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, including Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 (ATP2A1), Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (ATP2A2), Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1 (ATP2C1), and Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma (FXYD2). This inhibition leads to the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, promoting the release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, depolarization of adjacent neurons, and propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. Additionally, it antagonizes the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at GABA-A receptors—including GABRA1, GABRA2, GABRA3, and GABRA4—blocking GABA-induced chloride ion uptake and causing central nervous system hyperexcitability. Finally, it causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor (ESR1 and ESR2).

Contaminant Type

Food Toxin
Household Toxin
Human Neurotoxin
Industrial/Workplace Toxin
Metabolite
Organic Compound
Organochloride
PMT
Pollutant
Solvent
Synthetic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
1,1,1-TCE	ChEBI
1,1,1-Trichloraethan	ChEBI
1,1,1-Trichlorethane	ChEBI
alpha-T	ChEBI
alpha-Trichloroethane	ChEBI
Methylchloroform	ChEBI
Methyltrichloromethane	ChEBI
Trichloro-1,1,1-ethane	ChEBI
a-T	Generator
α-T	Generator
a-Trichloroethane	Generator
Α-trichloroethane	Generator
1,1,1 Trichloroethane	HMDB
1,1,1-Trichlorathan	HMDB
1,1,1-Trichloro-2-(O-chlorophenyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane	HMDB
1,1,1-Trichloro-ethane	HMDB
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (acd/name 4.0)	HMDB
1,1,1-Tricloroetano	HMDB
2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane	HMDB
Aerothene TT	HMDB
CH3CCL3	HMDB
Chlorotene	HMDB
Chlorothane nu	HMDB
Chlorothene	HMDB
Chlorothene nu	HMDB
Chlorothene SM	HMDB
Chlorothene VG	HMDB
Chlorothene, inhibited	HMDB
Chlorten	HMDB
Cleanite	HMDB
Distillex DS1	HMDB
Ethana	HMDB
Ethana nu	HMDB
Genklene LB	HMDB
ICI-CF 2	HMDB
Inhibisol	HMDB
Methyl-chloroform	HMDB
Rcra waste number u226	HMDB
Solvent 111	HMDB
Solvethane	HMDB
Tafclean	HMDB
Three one a	HMDB
Three one S	HMDB
Tri-ethane	HMDB
Trichloroethane	HMDB
Trichloromethylmethane	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₂H₃Cl₃

Average Molecular Mass

133.404 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

131.930 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

71-55-6

IUPAC Name

1,1,1-trichloroethane

Traditional Name

trichloroethane

SMILES

CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C2H3Cl3/c1-2(3,4)5/h1H3

InChI Key

UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organochlorides. Organochlorides are compounds containing a chemical bond between a carbon atom and a chlorine atom.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organohalogen compounds

Class

Organochlorides

Sub Class

Not Available

Direct Parent

Organochlorides

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Hydrocarbon derivative
Organochloride
Alkyl halide
Alkyl chloride
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

chloroethanes (CHEBI:36015 )
a small molecule (111-TRICHLOROETHANE )

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Membrane

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Applications

polar solvent

Biological Roles

Not Available

Chemical Roles

polar solvent

Organoleptic Effects

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Liquid

Appearance

Colorless liquid.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	-30.4°C
Boiling Point	74 °C (347°K, 165 °F)
Solubility	1.29 mg/mL at 25°C

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	2.13 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	2.45	ALOGPS
logP	2.08	ChemAxon
logS	-1.8	ALOGPS
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	0 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	26.22 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	10.35 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0002-9000000000-acdd1de2f2f494cc9f33	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0002-9100000000-93c8b64bf9a3e2f74a6d	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0002-9100000000-756b9bd2a76d828e0d45	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0002-9000000000-acdd1de2f2f494cc9f33	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0002-9100000000-93c8b64bf9a3e2f74a6d	Not Available	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0002-9100000000-756b9bd2a76d828e0d45	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-000t-9600000000-c081dcbb807720cca52e	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum	Not Available	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-0900000000-e0c9bb24f0f03e2e03d6	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-0900000000-e0c9bb24f0f03e2e03d6	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-2900000000-86949d54288e0f2f7c23	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-0900000000-069dedae972a3a56c2ff	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-1900000000-6dca5faa37b128ac40a7	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-0006-9100000000-53cbfa180588956738d7	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-0900000000-c8f6da92e011fc99d023	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-0900000000-c8f6da92e011fc99d023	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-0002-9000000000-764e8b6db288ec387c28	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-0900000000-6838b4c597e6d80ac4e2	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-0900000000-6838b4c597e6d80ac4e2	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-0900000000-6838b4c597e6d80ac4e2	Not Available	View Spectrum
MS	MS Spectrum	splash10-0002-9100000000-09ba0e8b7b22dd786338	Not Available	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	Not Available	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	Not Available	View Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Mechanism of Toxicity

1,1,1-Trichloroethane is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. A cholinesterase inhibitor (or 'anticholinesterase') suppresses the action of acetylcholinesterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholinesterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses, followed by muscle spasms and ultimately death. Nerve gases and many substances used in insecticides have been shown to act by binding a serine in the active site of acetylcholine esterase, inhibiting the enzyme completely. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop. Among the most common acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are phosphorus-based compounds, which are designed to bind to the active site of the enzyme. The structural requirements are a phosphorus atom bearing two lipophilic groups, a leaving group (such as a halide or thiocyanate), and a terminal oxygen.

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (19)

Minimum Risk Level

Acute Inhalation: 2 ppm (16) Intermediate Inhalation: 0.7 ppm (Gerbil) (16) Intermediate Oral: 20 mg/kg/day (Mouse) (16)

Symptoms

Symptoms include cough, sore throat, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, ataxia, unconsciousness. Dry skin and redness follow dermal exposure, while nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea follw ingestion. (18)

Treatment

If the compound has been ingested, rapid gastric lavage should be performed using 5% sodium bicarbonate. For skin contact, the skin should be washed with soap and water. If the compound has entered the eyes, they should be washed with large quantities of isotonic saline or water. In serious cases, atropine and/or pralidoxime should be administered. Anti-cholinergic drugs work to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and reactivate AChE. Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction with pralidoxime or other pyridinium oximes (such as trimedoxime or obidoxime), though the use of '-oximes' has been found to be of no benefit, or possibly harmful, in at least two meta-analyses. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist, and thus blocks the action of acetylcholine peripherally.

Toxicity Values

Toxicity Value	Unit	Value Range	Organism	Dose Descriptor	Route of Exposure	Predicted or Experimental	Reference
11240.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Mouse	LD50	Oral	experimental	L304
9470.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Guinea pig	LD50	Oral	experimental	L304
5660.0	mg/kg	Not Available	Rabbit	LD50	Oral	experimental	L304

Health Effects

Health Effect	Relationship	Direction	Reference
sick building syndrome	associated_with	increase	PMC3709330

Exposure Sources

Source ID	Source	Sector	Reference
3	Irrigation water	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
10	Insecticides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
27	Water Coolers	Appliances, HVAC & refrigerants	Not Available
43	Water heaters	Appliances, HVAC & refrigerants	Not Available
50	Groundwater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
51	Surface water	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
52	Seawater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
53	Freshwater	Aquatic systems & sediments	Not Available
70	Stormwater runoff	Automotive & urban infrastructure	Not Available
88	Waterproofing sprays	Building & Construction	Not Available
115	Drinking water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
116	Tap water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
117	Bottled water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
118	Desalinated water	Drinking water & water supply	Not Available
181	Ballast water	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
182	Bilge water	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
233	Brushes	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
468	Industrial wastewater	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
470	Wastewater treatment effluent	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
475	Mine wastewater	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
477	Wastewater, unspecified	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	Not Available
490		Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
494	Food contact materials	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
495	Ceilings	Building & Construction	Not Available
500	Stairs And Ramps	Building & Construction	Not Available
501	Sunshades Awnings Or Outside Screens	Building & Construction	Not Available
502	Sunshades Awnings Or Outside Screens	Building & Construction	Not Available
503	Tents Or Canopies	Building & Construction	Not Available
504	Adjustable Resistors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
506	Antennas	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
510	Communication Cables Or Conductors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
511	Conductors Or Conductive Bodies Characterised By The Conductive Materials	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
513	Cores Yokes Or Armatures	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
514	Discharge Lamps	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
517	Electric Switches	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
518	Electrically Stimulated Smoking Devices	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
519	Electrodes	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
520	Emergency Protective Devices	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
521	Fixed Capacitors And Their Manufacture	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
523	Gas Filled Discharge Tubes With Solid Cathode	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
524	Hybrid Capacitors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
525	Line Transmission Systems	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
527	Magnets	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
529	Power Cables	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
530	Radio Transmission Systems	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
531	Relays	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
532	Selectors	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
537	Television Systems	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
538	Thin Magnetic Films	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
540	X Ray Tubes	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	Not Available
544	Fermentation Processes For Beer	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
545	Food Preservation	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
549	Preparation Of Wine Or Sparkling Wine	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
550	Preparation Of Wort	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
551	Processing Fish	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
552	Processing Meats	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
553	Treatment Of Hops	Food, food processing & cookware	Not Available
555	Bleaching Agents	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
556	Cigar Cigarettes	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
561	Perfumes Within Detergents And Soaps	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
563	Soap Detergents	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
569	Tobacco Smoke Filters	Household cleaning & consumer products	Not Available
578	Making Cigars	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
579	Manufacture Of Iron Or Steel	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
580	Manufacture Preparation Of Tobacco Products	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
581	Paper Making Machines	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	Not Available
583	Anchoring Equipment	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	Not Available
596	Acaricides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
597	Chemosterilants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
598	Fertiliser Distributors	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
600	Herbicides And Algicides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
602	Molluscicides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
603	Nematocides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
604	Pest Attractants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
605	Pest Repellants	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
606	Plant Growth Regulators	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
607	Rodenticides(1)	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
608	Rodenticides	Agriculture & land management	Not Available
609	Aftershave	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
610	Aftersun Products	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
611	Anti Perspirants Or Body Deoderants	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
614	Essential Oils Or Perfumes	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
615	Eye Makeup Products	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
616	Face Mask Cosmetics	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
617	Lip Care Products	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
618	Lip Makeup Products	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
619	Manicure Pedicure	Personal care & cosmetics	Not Available
630	Toys	Recreation & sports surfaces	Not Available
632	Apparel	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
633	Azo Dyes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
635	Buttons	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
638	Decorating Textiles	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
639	Degreasing Leather	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
640	Embroidering And Tufting	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
641	Foam Dyeing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
642	Footwear	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
647	Multicolour Dyeing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
652	Ropes	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
655	Slide Fasteners	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
657	Surface Finishing Of Leather	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
659	Transfer Printing	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available
662	Yarns Or Threads	Textiles, leather & furnishings	Not Available

Pathways

0 pathways

No pathways found

No metabolic pathways have been associated with this synthetic chemical

Targets

Structure	Protein	UniProt ID	Organism	Relationship	Details
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1	P04191	Oryctolagus cuniculus	Predicted (SEA)	4515.72
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor beta	Q92731	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7777.22
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	P31645	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7781.73
Click to view 3D structure	Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	P07550	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7779.63
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 9	Q16790	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7782.2
Click to view 3D structure	Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta	P49841	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7782.28
Click to view 3D structure	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	P46406	Oryctolagus cuniculus	Predicted (SEA)	502.906
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 1	P00915	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7783.29
Click to view 3D structure	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14	Q16539	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7781.57
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6	P50406	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7782.2
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome P450 2C19	P33261	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7783.6
Click to view 3D structure	Dual specificity protein kinase CLK4	Q9HAZ1	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7780.72
Click to view 3D structure	Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src	P12931	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7782.74
Click to view 3D structure	Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A	Q13627	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7782.2
Click to view 3D structure	Dual specificity protein kinase CLK2	P49760	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7781.57
Click to view 3D structure	Voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel KCNH2	Q12809	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7783.99
Click to view 3D structure	Fatty acid-binding protein, liver	P02692	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	7204.01
Click to view 3D structure	Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2	O43353	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7770.83
Click to view 3D structure	Type IV secretion-like conjugative transfer relaxase protein TraI	B1LRJ1	Escherichia coli (strain SMS-3-5 / SECEC)	Predicted (SEA)	1.08989
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2	P11507	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	97.0001
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	P23975	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7780.8
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 2	P00918	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7779.55
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	Q01959	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7782.12
Click to view 3D structure	1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase	Q4QKG6	Haemophilus influenzae (strain 86-028NP)	Predicted (SEA)	3612.28
Click to view 3D structure	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha	Q07869	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	7756.66
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor	P03372	Humans	Known	Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
Click to view 3D structure	Estrogen receptor beta	Q92731	Humans	Known	Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
Click to view 3D structure	Acetylcholinesterase	P22303	Humans	Known	1,1,1-Trichloroethane inhibits the activity of membrane-bound enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase.
Click to view 3D structure	Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1	P98194	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	P14867	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	P47869	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	P34903	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	P48169	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	P31644	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Q16445	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	P18505	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	P47870	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	P28472	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	O14764	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	P78334	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Q8N1C3	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	P18507	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Q99928	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	O00591	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1	P24046	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2	P28476	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3	A8MPY1	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	Q9UN88	Humans	Known	This organochloride antagonizes the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting at the GABA-A receptors, effectively blocking the GABA-induced uptake of chloride ions and causing hyperexcitability of the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1	O14983	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2	P16615	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1	P05023	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2	P50993	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3	P13637	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4	Q13733	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1	P05026	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2	P14415	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3	P54709	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)
Click to view 3D structure	Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma	P54710	Humans	Known	This organochloride inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase and Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase, which are essential for the transport of calcium across membranes. This results in the accumulation of intracellular free calcium ions, which promotes release of neurotransmitters from storage vesicles, the subsequent depolarization of adjacent neurons, and the propagation of stimuli throughout the central nervous system. (T10)