Ferric hexacyanoferrate (CED0008923)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2009-06-22 16:08:26 UTC

Update Date

2026-05-14 18:24:28 UTC

SynCED ID

CED0008923

Secondary Accession Numbers

CHEM001440
T3D1684

Identification

Common Name

Ferric hexacyanoferrate

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Ferric hexacyanoferrate (C18Fe7N18) is an exogenous solid at room temperature. Ferric hexacyanoferrate belongs to the transition metal nitrides, a subclass of transition metal organides within the inorganic compounds. With an average molecular weight of 859.23 g/mol, Ferric hexacyanoferrate is a heavy molecule. This compound is found in or released from seven recorded sources, including household cleaning and consumer products such as non electric simulated smoking devices, building and construction materials like stairs and ramps, healthcare, pharmaceuticals and veterinary products specifically unclassified therapeutic products, and electrical and electronic equipment including antennas, coils, video games, and adjustable resistors. The recorded route of exposure is oral. The compound interacts with 31 recorded protein targets. Cyanide inhibits tyrosinase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]. It further inhibits glutathione peroxidases, including glutathione peroxidase 1, 2, 3, and epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, cyanide inhibits alkaline phosphatases, such as the germ cell type and tissue-nonspecific isozyme, as well as catalase and succinate dehydrogenases, including the mitochondrial iron-sulfur, flavoprotein, cytochrome b small, and cytochrome b560 subunits. Cyanide also acts as an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain, which is found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells, affecting subunits 1, 2, 3, and 7A1. By complexing with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme, the binding of cyanide prevents the transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. This disrupts the electron transport chain, preventing the cell from aerobically producing ATP for energy in tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration.

Contaminant Type

Cyanide Compound
Household Toxin
Industrial/Workplace Toxin
Inorganic Compound
Synthetic Compound

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
Radiogardase	Kegg
Ferric hexacyanoferric acid	Generator
Ferrocin	MeSH
Ferrotsin	MeSH
Ferric ferrocyanide	MeSH
Prussian blue	MeSH
Ferrihexacyanoferrate	MeSH
Berlin blue	MeSH
Radiogardase-CS	KEGG

Chemical Formula

C₁₈Fe₇N₁₈

Average Molecular Mass

859.228 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

859.600 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

14038-43-8

IUPAC Name

tetrairon(3+) ion tris(λ²-iron(2+) ion) octadecakis(iminomethanide)

Traditional Name

tetrairon(3+) ion tris(λ²-iron(2+) ion) octadecakis(cyanide)

SMILES

[Fe++].[Fe++].[Fe++].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/18CN.7Fe/c18*1-2;;;;;;;/q18*-1;3*+2;4*+3

InChI Key

DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as transition metal nitrides. These are inorganic compounds of nitrogen where nitrogen has a formal oxidation state of -3, and the heaviest metal atom is a transition metal.

Kingdom

Inorganic compounds

Super Class

Mixed metal/non-metal compounds

Class

Transition metal organides

Sub Class

Transition metal nitrides

Direct Parent

Transition metal nitrides

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Transition metal nitride
Transition metal cyanide salt
Inorganic nitride
Inorganic salt
Inorganic cyanide

Molecular Framework

Not Available

External Descriptors

Not Available

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Exogenous

Cellular Locations

Cytoplasm
Extracellular

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Organoleptic Effects

blue colour ?
black colour ?
dark blue colour ?

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Appearance

Dark blue powder.

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	4.72 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-0.14	ALOGPS
logP	-0.35	ChemAxon
logS	-1.4	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	9.5	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	23.79 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	ChemAxon
Refractivity	15.81 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	2.07 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	No	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0000000090-9f1df19dd31a1ed63590	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0000000090-9f1df19dd31a1ed63590	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-03di-0000000090-9f1df19dd31a1ed63590	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-0a4i-0000000090-c7ac75714f43cd408014	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-0a4i-0000000090-c7ac75714f43cd408014	Not Available	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum	splash10-0a4i-0000000090-c7ac75714f43cd408014	Not Available	View Spectrum

Toxicity Profile

Toxicity Values

Toxicity Value	Organism	Dose Descriptor	Route of Exposure	Predicted or Experimental	Toxicity Rating	Reference
1.13 mg/g	Rat	LD50	Intraperitoneal	experimental	Not Available	3
1.0 g/kg >1.0	Rat	LD50	Oral	experimental	Not Available	3

Toxicity / Toxin Class

Not Available

Mechanism of Toxicity

Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (2)

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

Minimum Risk Level

Not Available

Symptoms

Cyanide poisoning is identified by rapid, deep breathing and shortness of breath, general weakness, giddiness, headaches, vertigo, confusion, convulsions/seizures and eventually loss of consciousness. (1, 2)

Treatment

Antidotes to cyanide poisoning include hydroxocobalamin and sodium nitrite, which release the cyanide from the cytochrome system, and rhodanase, which is an enzyme occurring naturally in mammals that combines serum cyanide with thiosulfate, producing comparatively harmless thiocyanate. Oxygen therapy can also be administered. (2)

Health Effects

Health Effect	Relationship	Direction	Description	Reference
hypokalemia	Associated With?	Not Available	Not Available	PMC6080556
Toxic encephalopathy	Has Therapeutic Effect On	Not Available	Not Available	PMC12572074
injury	Has Therapeutic Effect On	Not Available	Not Available	PMC13462034
cardiovascular disorder	Has Therapeutic Effect On	Not Available	Not Available	PMC12572074
heavy metal poisoning	Not Available	Not Available	Not Available	PMC9299340
thallium poisoning	Not Available	Not Available	Not Available	PMC5944205
radiation injury	Not Available	Not Available	Not Available	PMC6434856

Exposure Sources

Source ID	Source	Sector	Reference
CEDs000010	Insecticides?Insecticides are synthetic chemicals designed to control or eliminate insect pests that threaten crops and other agricultural products.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000013	Soil?Soil serves as a critical medium for plant growth and sustains various ecological functions; however, it can become a reservoir for synthetic chemical contamination.	Agriculture & land management	PMC5506515
CEDs000233	Brushes?Brushes used in personal care and cosmetics can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials and coatings used in their manufacturing.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000409	Unclassified therapeutic products?Unclassified therapeutic products encompass a range of substances used in medical and veterinary contexts that have not undergone formal classification processes.	Healthcare, pharmaceuticals & veterinary products	Not Available
CEDs000500	Stairs And Ramps?Stairs and ramps in construction are often treated with various synthetic chemicals to enhance durability, slip resistance, and weather resistance.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000504	Adjustable Resistors?Adjustable resistors, commonly used in various electronic devices, can contribute to synthetic chemical contamination through the materials and substances used in their manufacturing and disposal.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000506	Antennas?Antennas, commonly used in communication technologies, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination through the materials and coatings used in their construction.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000508	Coils?Coils are components used in various electrical and electronic applications, such as transformers, inductors, and motors.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000511	Conductors Or Conductive Bodies Characterised By The Conductive Materials?Conductors, or conductive bodies, are materials that allow the flow of electrical current, typically made from metals such as copper, aluminum, or silver.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000518	Electrically Stimulated Smoking Devices?Electrically stimulated smoking devices, commonly known as e-cigarettes or vape pens, utilize electrical components to heat a liquid solution, often containing nicotine, flavorings, and other additives, to produce an aerosol for inhalation.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000519	Electrodes?Electrodes, used in various electrical and electronic applications, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials from which they are constructed and the processes involved in their manufacturing.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000521	Fixed Capacitors And Their Manufacture?Fixed capacitors are passive electronic components used to store and release electrical energy, playing a critical role in various circuits.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000524	Hybrid Capacitors?Hybrid capacitors are energy storage devices that combine the properties of electrolytic and supercapacitors, utilizing a combination of electrochemical principles to achieve higher energy density and power density.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000539	Video Games?Video games, through their production and disposal processes, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000545	Food Preservation?Food preservation often involves the use of synthetic chemicals, such as preservatives, flavor enhancers, and color additives, to extend shelf life and enhance the sensory qualities of food products.	Food, food processing & cookware	PubChem
CEDs000555	Bleaching Agents?Bleaching agents are chemical substances used to whiten or lighten materials, often employed in various cleaning products for their stain removal and disinfecting properties.	Household cleaning & consumer products	PubChem
CEDs000559	Non Electric Simulated Smoking Devices?Non-electric simulated smoking devices, often designed to mimic the experience of smoking without combustion, can be sources of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials and chemicals used in their construction and operation.	Household cleaning & consumer products	PubChem
CEDs000561	Perfumes Within Detergents And Soaps?Perfumes within detergents and soaps are synthetic fragrance compounds added to enhance the sensory experience of cleaning products.	Household cleaning & consumer products	PubChem
CEDs000563	Soap Detergents?Soap detergents are synthetic surfactants designed to enhance the cleaning efficacy of water by reducing surface tension, allowing for better interaction with dirt and grease.	Household cleaning & consumer products	PubChem
CEDs000569	Tobacco Smoke Filters?Tobacco smoke filters are designed to reduce the inhalation of harmful substances in cigarette smoke, including tar and other particulate matter.	Household cleaning & consumer products	PubChem
CEDs000580	Manufacture Preparation Of Tobacco Products?The manufacture and preparation of tobacco products involve various processes that can result in the introduction of synthetic chemicals into the environment.	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	PubChem
CEDs000596	Acaricides?Acaricides are synthetic chemicals specifically designed to target and control mite populations that can damage crops and plants.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000600	Herbicides And Algicides?Herbicides and algicides are synthetic chemicals primarily used to control unwanted plants and algae in various environments.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000603	Nematocides?Nematocides are synthetic chemicals specifically designed to control nematodes, which are microscopic roundworms that can cause significant damage to crops and plants.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000605	Pest Repellants?Pest repellents, often formulated from synthetic chemicals, are widely used to protect crops from insect infestations and other pests.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000606	Plant Growth Regulators?Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) are synthetic chemicals designed to influence the growth and development of plants.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000609	Aftershave?Aftershave is a grooming product typically used to soothe and protect the skin following shaving.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000610	Aftersun Products?Aftersun products are designed to soothe and hydrate the skin after sun exposure, often containing various synthetic chemicals such as emollients, preservatives, and fragrances.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000611	Anti Perspirants Or Body Deoderants?Antiperspirants and body deodorants commonly contain synthetic chemicals such as aluminum compounds, parabens, and synthetic fragrances.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000612	Body Washing Or Cleaning Implements?Body washing or cleaning implements, such as synthetic sponges, loofahs, and washcloths, can be sources of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials used in their production.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000613	Depilatories?Depilatories are products designed to remove unwanted hair through the application of synthetic chemicals that break down the protein structure of hair, facilitating its removal.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000614	Essential Oils Or Perfumes?Essential oils and perfumes are complex mixtures of volatile compounds derived from natural or synthetic sources, commonly used for their aromatic properties.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000615	Eye Makeup Products?Eye makeup products, including mascaras, eyeliners, and eyeshadows, often contain a variety of synthetic chemicals such as pigments, preservatives, and film-forming agents.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000616	Face Mask Cosmetics?Face mask cosmetics often contain a variety of synthetic chemicals, including preservatives, emulsifiers, and fragrances, which can contribute to chemical contamination.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000617	Lip Care Products?Lip care products, including lipsticks, balms, and glosses, often contain a variety of synthetic chemicals such as parabens, phthalates, and synthetic fragrances.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000618	Lip Makeup Products?Lip makeup products, such as lipsticks, lip glosses, and lip liners, often contain a variety of synthetic chemicals, including pigments, preservatives, and emollients.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000619	Manicure Pedicure?Manicure and pedicure procedures often involve the use of various synthetic chemicals, including solvents, nail polishes, and nail adhesives.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000632	Apparel?Apparel production often involves the use of various synthetic chemicals, including dyes, finishing agents, and preservatives.	Textiles, leather & furnishings	PubChem
CEDs000642	Footwear?Footwear production often involves the use of various synthetic chemicals, such as adhesives, dyes, and treatments, which can contribute to environmental contamination.	Textiles, leather & furnishings	PubChem
CEDs000659	Transfer Printing?Transfer printing is a process used to apply designs and patterns onto various substrates, commonly utilizing synthetic dyes and inks that can contain hazardous chemicals.	Textiles, leather & furnishings	PubChem
CEDs000662	Yarns Or Threads?Yarns or threads used in textiles can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the production processes and treatments they undergo.	Textiles, leather & furnishings	PubChem
CEDs000670	Solid Fire Fighting Substances?Solid fire fighting substances, such as certain types of dry chemical powders, are used in fire suppression applications to extinguish flames and prevent fire spread.	Fire suppression systems & agents	PubChem
CEDs000671	Airplanes And Helicopters?Airplanes and helicopters are significant sources of synthetic chemical contamination primarily through the use of aviation fuels, lubricants, and de-icing agents.	Aviation & Aerospace	PubChem
CEDs000672	Light Than Air Aircraft?Light than air aircraft, such as dirigibles and airships, utilize lifting gases like helium or hydrogen for buoyancy.	Aviation & Aerospace	PubChem
CEDs000678	Nitrogenous Fertilisers?Nitrogenous fertilizers are synthetic chemical compounds primarily used to enhance plant growth by supplying essential nitrogen, a crucial nutrient for photosynthesis and protein synthesis.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000679	Phosphatic Fertilisers?Phosphatic fertilizers are synthetic chemical products primarily composed of phosphorus, which is essential for plant growth.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000682	Traction Harness?Traction harnesses, commonly used in agricultural practices for animals and machinery, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination through the materials used in their production.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000684	Cements?Cements are a composite material primarily used as a binding agent in construction applications, formed by the calcination of limestone and clay minerals at high temperatures.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000685	Ceramics?Ceramics can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination through various additives and processing agents used in their production.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000686	Clay Wares?Clay wares are ceramic products made from natural clay, often utilized in various construction applications such as tiles, bricks, and sanitary ware.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000688	Glass Coatings?Glass coatings are synthetic chemical formulations applied to glass surfaces to enhance properties such as durability, UV resistance, and aesthetic appeal.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000691	Non Oxide Glass?Non-oxide glass refers to a category of glasses primarily composed of materials other than silicon dioxide, such as boron oxide or phosphorous oxide.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000692	Silica Free Oxide Glass?Silica Free Oxide Glass is a type of glass that is produced using alternative materials to traditional silica-based formulations.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000693	Silica Glass?Silica glass, primarily composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2), is widely used in various applications, including windows, glass facades, and insulation materials.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000696	Nanotechnology?Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of materials at the molecular or atomic level, typically within the range of 1 to 100 nanometers.	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	PubChem
CEDs000698	Jewellery?Jewellery production often involves the use of various synthetic chemicals during the extraction and processing of metals.	Mining & metal processing	PubChem
CEDs000703	Blackboards?Blackboards, traditionally made from slate or coated wood, can also be produced using synthetic materials that may contain various chemicals.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000704	Blotters?Blotters are absorbent paper products commonly used in various applications, including ink absorption, oil removal, and moisture control.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000705	Bookbinding?Bookbinding involves the use of various synthetic chemicals, including adhesives, inks, and coatings, which can contribute to environmental contamination.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000707	Books?Books can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the use of various chemicals in their production and preservation processes.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000710	Chalks?Chalks, primarily composed of calcium carbonate, are commonly used in various industrial applications, including as fillers and coatings in the production of paper and related products.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000711	Coloured Pencils?Coloured pencils are commonly used tools for artistic expression and education, composed primarily of a wood casing and a core made from a mixture of pigments, binders, and waxes.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000712	Combination Pens?Combination pens, which typically contain both ink and additional functionalities such as highlighters or stylus tips, may contribute to synthetic chemical contamination primarily through their ink formulations and plastic components.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000716	Erasers?Erasers, commonly used in writing and drawing applications, are often made from synthetic rubber or thermoplastic materials, which can contain various additives such as plasticizers, fillers, and colorants.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000717	Fountain Pens?Fountain pens utilize a liquid ink that often contains synthetic chemicals, including dyes, pigments, and solvents, which can contribute to environmental contamination.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000718	Ink Receptacles?Ink receptacles, commonly utilized in printing processes, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the solvents, pigments, and additives contained within the inks.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000719	Ink Reservoir Pens?Ink reservoir pens are writing instruments that contain a reservoir filled with ink, often made from synthetic dyes and solvents.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000720	Ink Reservoir Pens2?Ink reservoir pens are writing instruments that utilize a reservoir to store ink, which is often composed of synthetic dyes, solvents, and additives.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000725	Pencils?Pencils, primarily composed of graphite encased in wood or synthetic materials, can contribute to synthetic chemical contamination through their manufacturing and disposal processes.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000726	Pens?Pens, commonly utilized for writing and marking, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination primarily due to the materials used in their manufacturing.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000727	Printing Machines Or Presses?Printing machines or presses commonly utilize synthetic chemicals such as inks, solvents, and cleaning agents.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000729	Stamps?Stamps, particularly those produced using synthetic inks and adhesives, can contribute to chemical contamination when disposed of improperly.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000734	Coating Compositions?Coating compositions, which include paints, sealants, and varnishes, are formulated with a variety of synthetic chemicals such as solvents, resins, pigments, and additives.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000735	Explosives?Explosives are chemical compounds or mixtures designed to undergo rapid decomposition, releasing energy in the form of gas and heat.	Defense & military infrastructure	PubChem
CEDs000737	Chemical Igniters?Chemical igniters are substances or devices designed to initiate combustion in various applications, often found in products like lighters, candles, and certain household cleaning agents.	Household items	PubChem
CEDs000738	Cooling Circuit Water?Cooling circuit water is utilized in various industrial processes to absorb and dissipate heat generated during operations.	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	PubChem
CEDs000739	Inks?Inks are complex mixtures composed of pigments or dyes, solvents, resins, and additives used primarily for printing and writing applications.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000740	Paper?Paper production involves the processing of wood fibers and the use of various chemicals, which can lead to synthetic chemical contamination.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000741	Pigment Pastes?Pigment pastes are concentrated dispersions of pigments used to impart color and properties to materials.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000742	Leather Tanning?Leather tanning is a process that transforms raw animal hides into durable leather through the application of various chemicals, including chromium salts, aldehydes, and vegetable tannins.	Textiles, leather & furnishings	PubChem
CEDs000743	Sludge Treatment?Sludge treatment involves the processing of waste materials generated from wastewater treatment plants, which often contain a variety of organic and inorganic substances.	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	PubChem
CEDs000744	Water, Wastewater, & Sewage Treatment?Water, wastewater, and sewage treatment processes are critical for managing and mitigating pollutants in water systems.	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	PubChem
CEDs01144	Food	Food, food processing & cookware	PMC12218971
CEDs02255	Water	Aquatic systems & sediments	PMC6270328
CEDs02777	Black Paint	Building & Construction	PMC8515334
CEDs03225	Carbon Cloth	Textiles, leather & furnishings	PMC12031313

Pathways

2 pathwaysPathway Source: PathBank

Prussian blue Drug Metabolism

Prussian blue Drug Metabolism Action Pathway

Targets

Structure	Protein	UniProt ID	Organism	Relationship	Details
Click to view 3D structure	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	P27338	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.048 Applicability Domain 0.063 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 315 E-value 7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 9	Q16790	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.046 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 372 E-value 7784.92
Click to view 3D structure	CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1	B0K020	Rattus norvegicus	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.045 Applicability Domain 0.053 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9995 Supporting Reference Compounds 3 E-value 7780.87
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 1	P00915	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.043 Applicability Domain 0.1 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 407 E-value 7784.92
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 2	P00918	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.042 Applicability Domain 0.05 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 472 E-value 7784.92
Click to view 3D structure	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	P37231	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.041 Applicability Domain 0.044 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 192 E-value 7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2	O95563	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.04 Applicability Domain 0.04 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9996 Supporting Reference Compounds 2 E-value 7781.81
Click to view 3D structure	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	P37238	Mus musculus	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.039 Applicability Domain 0.044 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9999 Supporting Reference Compounds 38 E-value 7784.46
Click to view 3D structure	CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1	Q9NZ45	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.039 Applicability Domain 0.053 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 22 E-value 7784.61
Click to view 3D structure	Epidermal growth factor receptor	P00533	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.038 Applicability Domain 0.044 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 1301 E-value 7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	D(2) dopamine receptor	P14416	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.036 Applicability Domain 0.041 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 1103 E-value 7784.77
Click to view 3D structure	D(3) dopamine receptor	P35462	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.035 Applicability Domain 0.044 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 861 E-value 7784.77
Click to view 3D structure	Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-6-phosphogluconolactonase	Q9BHT9	Plasmodium berghei	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.035 Applicability Domain 0.065 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 105 E-value 7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	P34969	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.035 Applicability Domain 0.041 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 565 E-value 7784.77
Click to view 3D structure	Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta	P49841	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.035 Applicability Domain 0.038 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 1157 E-value 7784.84
Click to view 3D structure	Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1	P11309	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.034 Applicability Domain 0.038 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 967 E-value 7784.84
Click to view 3D structure	Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	P18031	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.034 Applicability Domain 0.042 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 197 E-value 7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-2	Q9P1W9	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.034 Applicability Domain 0.038 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 525 E-value 7784.77
Click to view 3D structure	Protein RecA	P9WHJ3	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.033 Applicability Domain 0.042 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 296 E-value 7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck	P06239	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.033 Applicability Domain 0.038 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 1130 E-value 7784.84
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	P28223	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.033 Applicability Domain 0.041 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 955 E-value 7784.84
Click to view 3D structure	5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	P08908	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.032 Applicability Domain 0.041 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 953 E-value 7784.84
Click to view 3D structure	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	P28482	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.032 Applicability Domain 0.038 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 763 E-value 7784.92
Click to view 3D structure	Cyclin-dependent kinase 2	P24941	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.032 Applicability Domain 0.038 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 1029 E-value 7784.92
Click to view 3D structure	Cyclin-dependent kinase 1	P06493	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.032 Applicability Domain 0.038 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 715 E-value 7784.84
Click to view 3D structure	Alkaline phosphatase, germ cell type	P10696	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits alkaline phosphatases. (A73)
Click to view 3D structure	Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme	P05186	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits alkaline phosphatases. (A73)
Click to view 3D structure	Catalase	P04040	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits catalase. (A74)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1	P00395	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2	P00403	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3	P00414	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial	P13073	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial	P20674	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial	P10606	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial	Q02221	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1	P14854	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C	P09669	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial	P24310	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial	P24311	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial	P15954	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial	P10176	Humans	Known	Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. (L97)
Click to view 3D structure	Epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase	O75715	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (A75)
Click to view 3D structure	Glutathione peroxidase 1	P07203	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (A75)
Click to view 3D structure	Glutathione peroxidase 2	P18283	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (A75)
Click to view 3D structure	Glutathione peroxidase 3	P22352	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (A75)
Click to view 3D structure	Glutathione peroxidase 6	P59796	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (A75)
Click to view 3D structure	Glutathione peroxidase 7	Q96SL4	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (A75)
Click to view 3D structure	Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial	P00390	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione reductase. (A76)
Click to view 3D structure	Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase GPX4	P36969	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (A75)
Click to view 3D structure	Probable glutathione peroxidase 8	Q8TED1	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits glutathione peroxidases. (A75)
Click to view 3D structure	Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial	O14521	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits succinate dehydrogenases. (A76)
Click to view 3D structure	Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial	P31040	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits succinate dehydrogenases. (A76)
Click to view 3D structure	Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur subunit, mitochondrial	P21912	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits succinate dehydrogenases. (A76)
Click to view 3D structure	Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b560 subunit, mitochondrial	Q99643	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits succinate dehydrogenases. (A76)
Click to view 3D structure	Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]	P00441	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]. (A72)
Click to view 3D structure	Tyrosinase	P14679	Humans	Known	Cyanide inhibits tyrosinase. (A77)

Concentrations

Not Available

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

Not Available

FooDB ID

Not Available

Phenol Explorer ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

BiGG ID

Not Available

BioCyc ID

Not Available

METLIN ID

Not Available

PDB ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Prussian blue

Chemspider ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound ID

61711

Kegg Compound ID

Not Available

YMDB ID

Not Available

ECMDB ID

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

MSDS

Not Available

General References

ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2006). Toxicological profile for cyanide. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). - http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp8.html
Wikipedia. Cyanide poisoning. Last Updated 30 March 2009. - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanide_poisoning
ORAU (2003). Radiation Emergency Assistance Center.
Baselt RC and Cravey RH (1989). Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man. 3rd ed. Chicago, IL.: Year Book Medical Publishers.

Ferric hexacyanoferrate (CED0008923)

Structure for CHEM001440: Ferric hexacyanoferrate

Structure