Rosuvastatin (CHEM002124)

Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-07-15 20:49:10 UTC
Update Date2026-05-14 16:57:48 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM002124
Identification
Common NameRosuvastatin
ClassSmall Molecule
Description
Rosuvastatin is an antilipemic agent that competitively inhibits hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. HMG-CoA reducuase catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Rosuvastatin belongs to a class of medications called statins and is used to reduce plasma cholesterol levels and prevent cardiovascular disease.
Contaminant Sources
  • HMDB Contaminants - Urine
  • STOFF IDENT Compounds
  • T3DB toxins
Contaminant Type
  • Amide
  • Anticholesteremic Agent
  • Drug
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
  • Metabolite
  • Organic Compound
  • Organofluoride
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
MOLSDF3D SDFPDBSMILESInChI View 3D Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
(3R,5S,6E)-7-(4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-(ethyl(methylsulfonyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoic acidChEBI
(3R,5S,6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]pyrimidin-5-yl}-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acidChEBI
CrestonKegg
(3R,5S,6E)-7-(4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-(ethyl(methylsulfonyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoateGenerator
(3R,5S,6E)-7-(4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-(ethyl(methylsulphonyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoateGenerator
(3R,5S,6E)-7-(4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylethyl)-2-(ethyl(methylsulphonyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoic acidGenerator
(3R,5S,6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]pyrimidin-5-yl}-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoateGenerator
(3R,5S,6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-[methyl(methylsulphonyl)amino]pyrimidin-5-yl}-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoateGenerator
(3R,5S,6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-[methyl(methylsulphonyl)amino]pyrimidin-5-yl}-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acidGenerator
Rosuvastatin calciumHMDB
ZD-4522HMDB
CrestorHMDB
Calcium, rosuvastatinHMDB
Chemical FormulaC22H28FN3O6S
Average Molecular Mass481.538 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass481.168 g/mol
CAS Registry Number287714-41-4
IUPAC Name(3R,5S,6E)-7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(N-methylmethanesulfonamido)-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
Traditional Namerosuvastatin
SMILESCC(C)C1=NC(=NC(C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)=C1\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O)N(C)S(C)(=O)=O
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C22H28FN3O6S/c1-13(2)20-18(10-9-16(27)11-17(28)12-19(29)30)21(14-5-7-15(23)8-6-14)25-22(24-20)26(3)33(4,31)32/h5-10,13,16-17,27-28H,11-12H2,1-4H3,(H,29,30)/b10-9+/t16-,17-/m1/s1
InChI KeyBPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpyrimidines. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a benzene ring linked to a pyrimidine ring through a CC or CN bond. Pyrimidine is a 6-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen centers at the 1- and 3- ring positions.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassDiazines
Sub ClassPyrimidines and pyrimidine derivatives
Direct ParentPhenylpyrimidines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 4-phenylpyrimidine
  • 5-phenylpyrimidine
  • Medium-chain hydroxy acid
  • Medium-chain fatty acid
  • Beta-hydroxy acid
  • Fluorobenzene
  • Halobenzene
  • Halogenated fatty acid
  • Heterocyclic fatty acid
  • Hydroxy fatty acid
  • Unsaturated fatty acid
  • Organosulfonic acid amide
  • Organic sulfonic acid amide
  • Fatty acyl
  • Fatty acid
  • Benzenoid
  • Aryl fluoride
  • Aryl halide
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Hydroxy acid
  • Aminosulfonyl compound
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Sulfonyl
  • Organosulfonic acid or derivatives
  • Organic sulfonic acid or derivatives
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Azacycle
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organofluoride
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organosulfur compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
Applications
Biological Roles
Chemical Roles
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceSolid (1).
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilitySparingly soluble in water
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.089 g/LALOGPS
logP1.47ALOGPS
logP1.92ChemAxon
logS-3.7ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.8ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count8ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area140.92 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count9ChemAxon
Refractivity121.44 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability48.55 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Toxicity Profile
Route of ExposureInhalation. Bioavailability is approximately 20%. Peak plasma concentrations were reached 3 to 5 hours following oral dosing. Both Cmax and AUC increased in approximate proportion to CRESTOR dose. Food has no effect on the AUC of rosuvastatin.
Mechanism of ToxicityRosuvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, an early rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Rosuvastatin acts primarily in the liver. Decreased hepatic cholesterol concentrations stimulate the upregulation of hepatic low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors which increases hepatic uptake of LDL. Rosuvastatin also inhibits hepatic synthesis of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). The overall effect is a decrease in plasma LDL and VLDL. In vitro and in vivo animal studies also demonstrate that rosuvastatin exerts vasculoprotective effects independent of its lipid-lowering properties. Rosuvastatin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect on rat mesenteric microvascular endothelium by attenuating leukocyte rolling, adherence and transmigration (7). The drug also modulates nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression and reduces ischemic-reperfusion injuries in rat hearts (11). Rosuvastatin increases the bioavailability of nitric oxide (7) by upregulating NOS (9) and by increasing the stability of NOS through post-transcriptional polyadenylation (12). It is unclear as to how rosuvastatin brings about these effects though they may be due to decreased concentrations of mevalonic acid.
MetabolismNot extensively metabolized. Only ~10% is excreted as metabolite. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 is primarily responsible for the formation of rosuvastatin's major metabolite, N-desmethylrosuvastatin. N-desmethylrosuvastatin has approximately 50% of the pharmacological activity of its parent compound in vitro. Rosuvastatin clearance is not dependent on metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A4 to a clinically significant extent. Rosuvastatin accounts for greater than 90% of the pharmacologic action. Inhibitors of CYP2C9 increase the AUC by less than 2-fold. This interaction does not appear to be clinically significant. Route of Elimination: Rosuvastatin is not extensively metabolized; approximately 10% of a radiolabeled dose is recovered as metabolite. Following oral administration, rosuvastatin and its metabolites are primarily excreted in the feces (90%). After an intravenous dose, approximately 28% of total body clearance was via the renal route, and 72% by the hepatic route. Half Life: 19 hours
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Lethal DoseNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Uses/SourcesUsed as an adjunct to dietary therapy to treat primary hyperlipidemia (heterozygous familial and nonfamilial), mixed dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Also indicated for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as an adjunct to other lipid-lowering therapies or when other such therapies are not available. Furthermore, it is used to slow the progression of atherosclerosis and for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
Health EffectsHealth effects include abdominal pain, dizziness, hypersensitivity (including rash, pruritus, urticaria, and angioedema) and pancreatitis. The following laboratory abnormalities have also been reported: dipstick-positive proteinuria and microscopic hematuria; elevated creatine phosphokinase, transaminases, glucose, glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin; and thyroid function abnormalities (1).
SymptomsGenerally well-tolerated. Side effects may include myalgia, constipation, asthenia, abdominal pain, and nausea. Other possible side effects include myotoxicity (myopathy, myositis, rhabdomyolysis) and hepatotoxicity. To avoid toxicity in Asian patients, lower doses should be considered. Pharmacokinetic studies show an approximately two-fold increase in peak plasma concentration and AUC in Asian patients (Philippino, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, or Asian-Indian descent) compared to Caucasians patients.
TreatmentAfter ingestion exposure, administer charcoal as a slurry. In case of Rhabdomyolosis, administer sufficient 0.9% saline to maintain urine output of 2 to 3 mL/kg/hr. (15)
Concentrations
Not Available
External Links
DrugBank IDDB01098
HMDB IDHMDB0015230
FooDB IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkRosuvastatin
Chemspider ID393589
ChEBI ID38545
PubChem Compound ID446157
Kegg Compound IDNot Available
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis Reference

Valerie Niddam-Hildesheim, Greta Sterimbaum, “Process for preparation of rosuvastatin calcium.” U.S. Patent US20050080134, issued April 14, 2005.

MSDSLink
General References
1. McTaggart F, Buckett L, Davidson R, Holdgate G, McCormick A, Schneck D, Smith G, Warwick M: Preclinical and clinical pharmacology of Rosuvastatin, a new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. Am J Cardiol. 2001 Mar 8;87(5A):28B-32B.
2. Stalker TJ, Lefer AM, Scalia R: A new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, rosuvastatin, exerts anti-inflammatory effects on the microvascular endothelium: the role of mevalonic acid. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Jun;133(3):406-12.
3. Laufs U, Gertz K, Dirnagl U, Bohm M, Nickenig G, Endres M: Rosuvastatin, a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase and protects from ischemic stroke in mice. Brain Res. 2002 Jun 28;942(1-2):23-30.
4. Jones SP, Gibson MF, Rimmer DM 3rd, Gibson TM, Sharp BR, Lefer DJ: Direct vascular and cardioprotective effects of rosuvastatin, a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Sep 18;40(6):1172-8.
5. Jones PH, Davidson MH, Stein EA, Bays HE, McKenney JM, Miller E, Cain VA, Blasetto JW: Comparison of the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin across doses (STELLAR* Trial). Am J Cardiol. 2003 Jul 15;92(2):152-60.
6. Authors unspecified: The statin wars: why AstraZeneca must retreat. Lancet. 2003 Oct 25;362(9393):1341.
7. McKillop T: The statin wars. Lancet. 2003 Nov 1;362(9394):1498.
8. Kilic E, Kilic U, Matter CM, Luscher TF, Bassetti CL, Hermann DM: Aggravation of focal cerebral ischemia by tissue plasminogen activator is reversed by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor but does not depend on endothelial NO synthase. Stroke. 2005 Feb;36(2):332-6. Epub 2004 Dec 29.
9. Di Napoli P, Taccardi AA, Grilli A, De Lutiis MA, Barsotti A, Felaco M, De Caterina R: Chronic treatment with rosuvastatin modulates nitric oxide synthase expression and reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat hearts. Cardiovasc Res. 2005 Jun 1;66(3):462-71. Epub 2005 Mar 2.
10. Nissen SE, Nicholls SJ, Sipahi I, Libby P, Raichlen JS, Ballantyne CM, Davignon J, Erbel R, Fruchart JC, Tardif JC, Schoenhagen P, Crowe T, Cain V, Wolski K, Goormastic M, Tuzcu EM: Effect of very high-intensity statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial. JAMA. 2006 Apr 5;295(13):1556-65. Epub 2006 Mar 13.
11. Ho RH, Tirona RG, Leake BF, Glaeser H, Lee W, Lemke CJ, Wang Y, Kim RB: Drug and bile acid transporters in rosuvastatin hepatic uptake: function, expression, and pharmacogenetics. Gastroenterology. 2006 May;130(6):1793-806. Epub 2006 Mar 6.
12. Kosmidou I, Moore JP, Weber M, Searles CD: Statin treatment and 3' polyadenylation of eNOS mRNA. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007 Dec;27(12):2642-9. Epub 2007 Oct 4.
13. Everett BM, Glynn RJ, MacFadyen JG, Ridker PM: Rosuvastatin in the prevention of stroke among men and women with elevated levels of C-reactive protein: justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER). Circulation. 2010 Jan 5;121(1):143-50. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.874834. Epub 2009 Dec 21.
14. FDA label
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