Reserpine (CED0002571)

Reserpine belongs to the yohimbine alkaloids, a class of alkaloids and derivatives within the organic compounds. With an average molecular weight of 608.68 g/mol, Reserpine is a heavy molecule. This exogenous compound has the formula C33H40N2O9 and exists as a solid at room temperature. It functions as a metabolite, an adrenergic uptake inhibitor, and an EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor. Its recorded applications include use as an antihypertensive agent and a first generation antipsychotic. The mechanism of action for reserpine involves the inhibition of the ATP/Mg2+ pump responsible for the sequestering of neurotransmitters into storage vesicles located in the presynaptic neuron, specifically targeting the synaptic vesicular amine transporter (SLC18A2). Neurotransmitters that are not sequestered in the storage vesicle are readily metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO), which causes a reduction in catecholamines. Additionally, it is a binder of the chromaffin granule amine transporter (SLC18A1), estrogen-related receptor gamma (ESRRG), nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2), and the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR), among 14 other proteins. Reserpine is found in 92 recorded sources, including healthcare, pharmaceuticals and veterinary products (antihypertensives, medical devices), household items (coins, badges, rosaries, credit card holders, watch chains), building and construction (roofs, floors, ceilings, ladders, fencing), electrical and electronic equipment (batteries, cell phones, capacitors, printed circuit boards, wires and cables), food, food processing and cookware (food preservation, food packaging, molasses and treatment of molasses, agglomerated sugar products, fermentation processes for beer), and household cleaning and consumer products (bleaching agents, ash trays, cigar cigarettes, match receptacles or boxes, devices for igniting matches). Recorded exposure routes include oral, inhalation, and touch. Regarding health effects, the compound is associated with depression (PMC8924399).