Pilocarpine (CED0002016)

Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2009-07-21 20:28:20 UTC
Update Date2026-05-14 16:57:42 UTC
SynCED IDCED0002016
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • CHEM002341
  • T3D2979
Identification
Common NamePilocarpine
ClassSmall Molecule
Description
Pilocarpine belongs to the alkaloids and derivatives, a superclass within the organic compounds. It is an exogenous solid with the formula C11H16N2O2 and an average molecular weight of 208.26 g/mol. This compound is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma. As a cholinergic parasympathomimetic agent, it primarily stimulates muscarinic receptors to increase secretion by the exocrine glands and produce contraction of the ciliary muscle and the iris sphincter muscle when administered topically to the eyes. The compound's protein targets include five recorded muscarinic acetylcholine receptors: CHRM1, CHRM2, CHRM3 (of which it is an agonist), CHRM4, and CHRM5. Pilocarpine is found in or released from 31 recorded sources across several sectors. These include healthcare, pharmaceuticals, and veterinary products such as miotics, antiglaucoma preparations, medical devices, and parasympathomimetics. Other sources include electrical and electronic equipment such as batteries, capacitors, printed circuit boards, wires, cables, and cell phones; household cleaning and consumer products including bleaching agents, perfumes within soaps and detergents, cigar cigarettes, other smoking requisites, and non-electric simulated smoking devices; food, food processing, and cookware including food preservation, food packaging, and fish processing; as well as carpets, rugs, synthetic textiles, and drinking water. Recorded exposure routes for the compound include oral, inhalation, touch, conjunctival, intraocular, and ophthalmic.
Contaminant Type
  • Cholinergic Agent
  • Drug
  • Ester
  • Ether
  • Metabolite
  • Miotic
  • Muscarinic Agonist
  • Organic Compound
  • PFAS
  • Synthetic Compound
Chemical Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
(3S,4R)-3-Ethyldihydro-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-2(3H)-furanoneChEBI
(3S-cis)-3-Ethyldihydro-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-2(3H)-furanoneChEBI
Ocusert pilo-20Kegg
AdsorbocarpineHMDB
beta-Pilocarpine hydrochlorideHMDB
PilocarpinHMDB
Pilocarpine chlorideHMDB
Pilocarpine HCLHMDB
Pilocarpine hydrochlorideHMDB
Pilocarpine monohydrochlorideHMDB
Pilocarpine muriateHMDB
PilokarpinHMDB
Pilokarpin monohydrochlorideHMDB
SpersacarpineHMDB
Spersacarpine hydrochlorideHMDB
Hydrochloride, pilocarpineHMDB
IsopilocarpineHMDB
Nitrate, pilocarpineHMDB
Pilocarpine mononitrate, (3S-cis)-isomerHMDB
Pilocarpine, monohydrochloride, (3S-cis)-isomerHMDB
SalagenHMDB
OcusertHMDB
IsoptocarpineHMDB
Pilocarpine nitrateHMDB
PilocarpineChEBI
Chemical FormulaC11H16N2O2
Average Molecular Mass208.257 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass208.121 g/mol
CAS Registry Number54-71-7
IUPAC Name(3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]oxolan-2-one
Traditional Namepilocarpine
SMILESCC[C@H]1[C@@H](CC2=CN=CN2C)COC1=O
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C11H16N2O2/c1-3-10-8(6-15-11(10)14)4-9-5-12-7-13(9)2/h5,7-8,10H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3/t8-,10-/m0/s1
InChI KeyQCHFTSOMWOSFHM-WPRPVWTQSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkaloids and derivatives. These are naturally occurring chemical compounds that contain mostly basic nitrogen atoms. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Also some synthetic compounds of similar structure are attributed to alkaloids. In addition to carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, alkaloids may also contain oxygen, sulfur and more rarely other elements such as chlorine, bromine, and phosphorus.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassAlkaloids and derivatives
ClassNot Available
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentAlkaloids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Alkaloid or derivatives
  • Gamma butyrolactone
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Lactone
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Oxacycle
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginExogenous
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological Roles
Chemical RolesNot Available
Organoleptic EffectsNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
AppearanceWhite powder.
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting Point204-205°C
Boiling PointNot Available
Solubility1E+006 mg/L (at 25°C)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility2.07 g/LALOGPS
logP1.15ALOGPS
logP0.95ChemAxon
logS-2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)6.61ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area44.12 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity56.53 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability22.34 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrumsplash10-0006-9500000000-dadfea39cdf9ef51bb38Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS SpectrumNot AvailableNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-1090000000-2fd25e6044f26134a0aaNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0002-9400000000-20a06057a274f78a95cdNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-defeea6e1be7da5df19cNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0002-9000000000-cb6dd4c8fd9faf642a5bNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0002-9100000000-a58d77d501ea8e44d237Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-1090000000-90bbfd0f103bf2df2350Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4j-5290000000-d69679a4b81e0442184fNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-1190000000-b781ed76499fdad467c3Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-1090000000-a96142a7f969311e7a5bNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4j-7790000000-914d8ed86ae8535d11faNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0002-9300000000-ad4d9d6aa3e5e27b8fc3Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-2df89b2b774b30adf514Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-bb2a8fea255c0847828fNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0002-9300000000-3efb8b2920ff65a813d0Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-052b-9580000000-49f5b565991796fac6e9Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-6baeabdd0794d63b5d1dNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0002-9100000000-2a0733ac2670b486ceadNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-1190000000-7cb82eee0859eb856641Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0002-9100000000-9d497ccde6e92e5082acNot AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-1090000000-1bf3c5a96baa6e7eb9e7Not AvailableView Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0002-9000000000-d7211dd4a2311ce69acfNot AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-0690000000-786fb6f080bd545dbc39Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0cka-1920000000-56d387d24bcc6e2e3637Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0006-9300000000-e57c52a1b125f83b1903Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-0190000000-fc43dc1afe8440f3e607Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0bt9-1930000000-b7fcb5510042754cd666Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4j-9800000000-0f44a4b4787f9e119567Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-1390000000-5ff1bbd1b734b6351ce5Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4j-9740000000-f3742430bedb805a2901Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0592-9200000000-d339d7cbece04bdd1f88Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0a4i-1190000000-fe6991830124468537e5Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-052b-9440000000-70e476186bca183b4e48Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-05o0-9200000000-42d2f984d5575550c9adNot AvailableView Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Toxicity Values
Toxicity ValueOrganismDose DescriptorRoute of ExposurePredicted or ExperimentalToxicity RatingReference
779.0 Log mg/kg [440:1400]RatLD50oralpredictedNot AvailableNot Available
Toxicity / Toxin ClassNot Available
Mechanism of ToxicityPilocarpine is a cholinergic parasympathomimetic agent. It increase secretion by the exocrine glands, and produces contraction of the iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscle (when given topically to the eyes) by mainly stimulating muscarinic receptors.
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentOverdosage should be treated with atropine titration (0. 5 mg to 1. 0 mg given subcutaneously or intravenously) and supportive measures to maintain respiration and circulation. Epinephrine (0. 3 mg to 1. 0 mg, subcutaneously or intramuscularly) may also be of value in the presence of severe cardiovascular depression or bronchoconstriction. (2)
Health Effects
Health EffectRelationshipDirectionDescriptionReference
inflammationHas Therapeutic Effect OnNot AvailableNot AvailablePMC9311900
seizureAssociated With?decreaseNot AvailablePMC11641357
seizureAssociated With?Not AvailableNot AvailablePMC12041238 , PMC12041238
glaucomaNot AvailableNot AvailableA disorder characterized by an increase in pressure in the eyeball due to obstruction of the aqueous humor outflow. (NCI CTCAE)PMC7824687 , PMC3413746
hyperhidrosisAssociated With?increaseA disorder characterized by excessive sweating. (NCI CTCAE)PMC6483146
ocular hypertensionHas Therapeutic Effect OnNot AvailableAn eye disease that is characterized by elevated intraocular pressure in the absence of optic nerve damage or visual field loss. (DO)PMC9311900
Intraocular PressureHas Therapeutic Effect OnNot AvailableNot AvailablePMC12533302
Oxidative StressHas Therapeutic Effect OnNot AvailableNot AvailablePMC9311900
XerostomiaNot AvailableNot AvailableNot AvailablePMC3413746 , PMC6867625
Exposure Sources
Source IDSourceSectorReference
CEDs000007Pesticides?Pesticides are synthetic chemicals designed to prevent, destroy, or control pests that threaten crops and agricultural productivity.Agriculture & land managementNot Available
CEDs000010Insecticides?Insecticides are synthetic chemicals designed to control or eliminate insect pests that threaten crops and other agricultural products.Agriculture & land managementPubChem
CEDs000115Drinking water?Drinking water can be a medium for synthetic chemical contamination, often originating from various industrial processes and agricultural practices.Drinking water & water supplyNot Available
CEDs000120Wires and cables?Wires and cables are integral components in the transmission of electrical power and signals.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
CEDs000121Printed circuit boards?Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are essential components in the manufacturing of electronic devices, serving as the backbone for electrical connections and circuit pathways.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
CEDs000125Batteries?Batteries are devices that store and release electrical energy through electrochemical reactions.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
CEDs000130Semiconductors?Semiconductors are materials that possess electrical conductivity between that of conductors and insulators, making them essential for various electronic applications, including transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
CEDs000138Lubricants?Lubricants are synthetic or petroleum-derived substances used to reduce friction between surfaces in machinery and equipment, enhancing operational efficiency and longevity.Energy, oil & gasNot Available
CEDs000147Food packaging?Food packaging often utilizes synthetic chemicals, such as plastics and coatings, to enhance durability, moisture resistance, and shelf life.Food, food processing & cookwareNot Available
CEDs000174Lubricants?Lubricants are synthetic or petroleum-based substances used to reduce friction and wear between moving parts in machinery and equipment.Industrial manufacturing & chemical processingNot Available
CEDs000233Brushes?Brushes used in personal care and cosmetics can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials and coatings used in their manufacturing.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000234Medical devices?Medical devices often incorporate synthetic chemicals in their manufacturing processes, which can contribute to contamination in healthcare settings.Healthcare, pharmaceuticals & veterinary productsNot Available
CEDs000381Parasympathomimetics?Parasympathomimetics are synthetic chemicals that mimic the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system.Healthcare, pharmaceuticals & veterinary productsNot Available
CEDs000398Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics?Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics are pharmacological agents utilized to manage intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma.Healthcare, pharmaceuticals & veterinary productsNot Available
CEDs000451Carpets and Rugs?Carpets and rugs are commonly manufactured using synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, and polypropylene, which can be derived from petrochemical sources.Textiles, leather & furnishingsNot Available
CEDs000454Synthetic textiles?Synthetic textiles are materials derived from man-made fibers, such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic, which are produced through chemical processes involving petrochemicals.Textiles, leather & furnishingsNot Available
CEDs000490Personal care & cosmeticsNot Available
CEDs000492Cell phones?Cell phones contain a variety of synthetic chemicals and materials, including plastics, metals, and glass, which can contribute to environmental contamination.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
CEDs000493Capacitors?Capacitors are electronic components that store and release electrical energy, often using dielectric materials that can include synthetic chemicals.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
CEDs000511Conductors Or Conductive Bodies Characterised By The Conductive Materials?Conductors, or conductive bodies, are materials that allow the flow of electrical current, typically made from metals such as copper, aluminum, or silver.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentPubChem
CEDs000518Electrically Stimulated Smoking Devices?Electrically stimulated smoking devices, commonly known as e-cigarettes or vape pens, utilize electrical components to heat a liquid solution, often containing nicotine, flavorings, and other additives, to produce an aerosol for inhalation.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentPubChem
CEDs000519Electrodes?Electrodes, used in various electrical and electronic applications, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials from which they are constructed and the processes involved in their manufacturing.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentPubChem
CEDs000524Hybrid Capacitors?Hybrid capacitors are energy storage devices that combine the properties of electrolytic and supercapacitors, utilizing a combination of electrochemical principles to achieve higher energy density and power density.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentPubChem
CEDs000537Television Systems?Television systems can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the various materials and components used in their manufacture and operation.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentPubChem
CEDs000539Video Games?Video games, through their production and disposal processes, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination.Electrical & Electronic EquipmentPubChem
CEDs000545Food Preservation?Food preservation often involves the use of synthetic chemicals, such as preservatives, flavor enhancers, and color additives, to extend shelf life and enhance the sensory qualities of food products.Food, food processing & cookwarePubChem
CEDs000551Processing Fish?Processing fish can lead to synthetic chemical contamination through various stages of production and preservation.Food, food processing & cookwarePubChem
CEDs000555Bleaching Agents?Bleaching agents are chemical substances used to whiten or lighten materials, often employed in various cleaning products for their stain removal and disinfecting properties.Household cleaning & consumer productsPubChem
CEDs000556Cigar Cigarettes?Cigar cigarettes are a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the combustion of various tobacco blends and additives.Household cleaning & consumer productsPubChem
CEDs000559Non Electric Simulated Smoking Devices?Non-electric simulated smoking devices, often designed to mimic the experience of smoking without combustion, can be sources of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials and chemicals used in their construction and operation.Household cleaning & consumer productsPubChem
CEDs000560Other Smoking Requisites?Other smoking requisites, including items such as lighters, matches, and rolling papers, can introduce synthetic chemical contamination through various components and additives.Household cleaning & consumer productsPubChem
CEDs000561Perfumes Within Detergents And Soaps?Perfumes within detergents and soaps are synthetic fragrance compounds added to enhance the sensory experience of cleaning products.Household cleaning & consumer productsPubChem
CEDs000563Soap Detergents?Soap detergents are synthetic surfactants designed to enhance the cleaning efficacy of water by reducing surface tension, allowing for better interaction with dirt and grease.Household cleaning & consumer productsPubChem
CEDs000569Tobacco Smoke Filters?Tobacco smoke filters are designed to reduce the inhalation of harmful substances in cigarette smoke, including tar and other particulate matter.Household cleaning & consumer productsPubChem
CEDs000580Manufacture Preparation Of Tobacco Products?The manufacture and preparation of tobacco products involve various processes that can result in the introduction of synthetic chemicals into the environment.Industrial manufacturing & chemical processingPubChem
CEDs000596Acaricides?Acaricides are synthetic chemicals specifically designed to target and control mite populations that can damage crops and plants.Agriculture & land managementPubChem
CEDs000602Molluscicides?Molluscicides are synthetic chemicals specifically designed to control and eliminate mollusks, such as snails and slugs, which can be detrimental to crops and agricultural productivity.Agriculture & land managementPubChem
CEDs000606Plant Growth Regulators?Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) are synthetic chemicals designed to influence the growth and development of plants.Agriculture & land managementPubChem
CEDs000609Aftershave?Aftershave is a grooming product typically used to soothe and protect the skin following shaving.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000610Aftersun Products?Aftersun products are designed to soothe and hydrate the skin after sun exposure, often containing various synthetic chemicals such as emollients, preservatives, and fragrances.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000611Anti Perspirants Or Body Deoderants?Antiperspirants and body deodorants commonly contain synthetic chemicals such as aluminum compounds, parabens, and synthetic fragrances.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000612Body Washing Or Cleaning Implements?Body washing or cleaning implements, such as synthetic sponges, loofahs, and washcloths, can be sources of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials used in their production.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000613Depilatories?Depilatories are products designed to remove unwanted hair through the application of synthetic chemicals that break down the protein structure of hair, facilitating its removal.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000614Essential Oils Or Perfumes?Essential oils and perfumes are complex mixtures of volatile compounds derived from natural or synthetic sources, commonly used for their aromatic properties.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000615Eye Makeup Products?Eye makeup products, including mascaras, eyeliners, and eyeshadows, often contain a variety of synthetic chemicals such as pigments, preservatives, and film-forming agents.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000618Lip Makeup Products?Lip makeup products, such as lipsticks, lip glosses, and lip liners, often contain a variety of synthetic chemicals, including pigments, preservatives, and emollients.Personal care & cosmeticsPubChem
CEDs000632Apparel?Apparel production often involves the use of various synthetic chemicals, including dyes, finishing agents, and preservatives.Textiles, leather & furnishingsPubChem
CEDs000642Footwear?Footwear production often involves the use of various synthetic chemicals, such as adhesives, dyes, and treatments, which can contribute to environmental contamination.Textiles, leather & furnishingsPubChem
CEDs000643Headwear?Headwear made from synthetic materials often incorporates chemicals used in the manufacturing and finishing processes, such as dyes, flame retardants, and water repellents.Textiles, leather & furnishingsPubChem
CEDs000650Purses Luggage Hand Bags?Purses, luggage, and handbags are often manufactured using synthetic materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane, and various types of nylon.Textiles, leather & furnishingsPubChem
CEDs000657Surface Finishing Of Leather?Surface finishing of leather often involves the use of various synthetic chemicals, including dyes, resins, and finishing agents.Textiles, leather & furnishingsPubChem
CEDs000662Yarns Or Threads?Yarns or threads used in textiles can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the production processes and treatments they undergo.Textiles, leather & furnishingsPubChem
CEDs000671Airplanes And Helicopters?Airplanes and helicopters are significant sources of synthetic chemical contamination primarily through the use of aviation fuels, lubricants, and de-icing agents.Aviation & AerospacePubChem
CEDs000685Ceramics?Ceramics can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination through various additives and processing agents used in their production.Building & ConstructionPubChem
CEDs000686Clay Wares?Clay wares are ceramic products made from natural clay, often utilized in various construction applications such as tiles, bricks, and sanitary ware.Building & ConstructionPubChem
CEDs000688Glass Coatings?Glass coatings are synthetic chemical formulations applied to glass surfaces to enhance properties such as durability, UV resistance, and aesthetic appeal.Building & ConstructionPubChem
CEDs000693Silica Glass?Silica glass, primarily composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2), is widely used in various applications, including windows, glass facades, and insulation materials.Building & ConstructionPubChem
CEDs000696Nanotechnology?Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of materials at the molecular or atomic level, typically within the range of 1 to 100 nanometers.Industrial manufacturing & chemical processingPubChem
CEDs000730Contact Lens Cases?Contact lens cases are small containers designed to store contact lenses in a sterile environment, typically made from various synthetic materials including plastics such as polypropylene or polycarbonate.Healthcare, pharmaceuticals & veterinary productsPubChem
CEDs000739Inks?Inks are complex mixtures composed of pigments or dyes, solvents, resins, and additives used primarily for printing and writing applications.Paper, pulp & fiber productsPubChem
CEDs000740Paper?Paper production involves the processing of wood fibers and the use of various chemicals, which can lead to synthetic chemical contamination.Paper, pulp & fiber productsPubChem
CEDs000744Water, Wastewater, & Sewage Treatment?Water, wastewater, and sewage treatment processes are critical for managing and mitigating pollutants in water systems.Wastewater, sanitation & biosolidsPubChem
Pathways
5 pathwaysPathway Source: PathBank
Targets
StructureProteinUniProt IDOrganismRelationshipDetails
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2P08172HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.342
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
0.0087
Supporting Reference Compounds
373
E-value
67.7288
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4P08173HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.342
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
0.0064
Supporting Reference Compounds
297
E-value
49.8235
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1P11229HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.342
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
0.0104
Supporting Reference Compounds
385
E-value
80.7296
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5P08912HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.342
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
0.0056
Supporting Reference Compounds
266
E-value
43.5177
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3P20309HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.342
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
0.0069
Supporting Reference Compounds
310
E-value
53.6381
Cytochrome P450 2A6 structureClick to view 3D structureCytochrome P450 2A6P11509HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.334
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
5.70e-04
Supporting Reference Compounds
68
E-value
4.43741
Click to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1P08482Rattus norvegicusPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.329
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
0.0032
Supporting Reference Compounds
109
E-value
25.0674
Click to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2P10980Rattus norvegicusPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.322
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
0.0029
Supporting Reference Compounds
98
E-value
22.6541
Click to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor DM1P16395Drosophila melanogasterPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.31
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
1.00e-04
Supporting Reference Compounds
10
E-value
0.778492
Click to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1P12657Mus musculusPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.302
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
1.30e-04
Supporting Reference Compounds
13
E-value
1.01204
Cytochrome P450 2A13 structureClick to view 3D structureCytochrome P450 2A13Q16696HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.28
Applicability Domain
1.0
Statistical Significance
1.00e-05
Supporting Reference Compounds
7
E-value
0.0778492
Cytochrome P450 3A4 structureClick to view 3D structureCytochrome P450 3A4P08684HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.234
Applicability Domain
0.327
Statistical Significance
0.7282
Supporting Reference Compounds
1538
E-value
5669.06
Aromatase structureClick to view 3D structureAromataseP11511HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.207
Applicability Domain
0.333
Statistical Significance
0.1468
Supporting Reference Compounds
127
E-value
1143.06
Click to view 3D structureAdenosine receptor A2aP46616Cavia porcellusPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.205
Applicability Domain
0.226 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.0219
Supporting Reference Compounds
27
E-value
170.412
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter structureClick to view 3D structureSodium-dependent dopamine transporterQ01959HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.2
Applicability Domain
0.327
Statistical Significance
0.7489
Supporting Reference Compounds
506
E-value
5829.89
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter structureClick to view 3D structureSodium-dependent noradrenaline transporterP23975HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.2
Applicability Domain
0.327
Statistical Significance
0.7004
Supporting Reference Compounds
451
E-value
5452.64
Click to view 3D structureAdenosine receptor A1P25099Rattus norvegicusPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.199
Applicability Domain
0.226 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.3573
Supporting Reference Compounds
221
E-value
2781.63
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B structureClick to view 3D structureAmine oxidase [flavin-containing] BP27338HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.197
Applicability Domain
0.221 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.5655
Supporting Reference Compounds
315
E-value
4402.22
Click to view 3D structureSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2AQ02563Rattus norvegicusPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.196
Applicability Domain
0.196 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.0018
Supporting Reference Compounds
1
E-value
14.0129
Protein kinase C delta type structureClick to view 3D structureProtein kinase C delta typeQ05655HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.196
Applicability Domain
0.208 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.8375
Supporting Reference Compounds
681
E-value
6519.95
Protein kinase C gamma type structureClick to view 3D structureProtein kinase C gamma typeP05129HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.196
Applicability Domain
0.208 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.8079
Supporting Reference Compounds
552
E-value
6289.83
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha structureClick to view 3D structurecAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alphaP17612HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.195
Applicability Domain
0.203 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.8593
Supporting Reference Compounds
735
E-value
6689.51
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta structureClick to view 3D structureGlycogen synthase kinase-3 betaP49841HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.193
Applicability Domain
0.203 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.92
Supporting Reference Compounds
1157
E-value
7161.82
Acetylcholinesterase structureClick to view 3D structureAcetylcholinesteraseP22303HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.193
Applicability Domain
0.197 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.7245
Supporting Reference Compounds
406
E-value
5640.25
Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1 structureClick to view 3D structureSerine/threonine-protein kinase pim-1P11309HumansPredicted (SEA)
Prediction Confidence Score
0.193
Applicability Domain
0.203 Low confidence
Statistical Significance
0.8965
Supporting Reference Compounds
967
E-value
6979.57
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1P11229HumansKnownPilocarpine is a cholinergic parasympathomimetic agent. It increase secretion by the exocrine glands, and produces contraction of the iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscle (when given topically to the eyes) by mainly stimulating muscarinic receptors.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3P20309HumansKnownNot Available
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2P08172HumansKnownPilocarpine is a cholinergic parasympathomimetic agent. It increase secretion by the exocrine glands, and produces contraction of the iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscle (when given topically to the eyes) by mainly stimulating muscarinic receptors.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4 structureClick to view 3D structureMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4P08173HumansKnownNot Available
Concentrations
Not Available
External Links
DrugBank IDDB01085
HMDB IDHMDB0015217
FooDB IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00002355
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB ID9PL
Wikipedia LinkPilocarpine
Chemspider ID5699
ChEBI ID8207
PubChem Compound ID5910
Kegg Compound IDC07474
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis Reference

Gerhard R. Reuther, “Process for the preparation of pilocarpine from in vitro cultures of pilocarpus.” U.S. Patent US5059531, issued June, 1987.

MSDSLink
General References
  1. Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cons/Pilocarpine.html
  2. RxList: The Internet Drug Index (2009). http://www.rxlist.com/