Saccharin (manufacturing) (CED0004550)

Saccharin (manufacturing) belongs to the benzothiazoles, a class of organoheterocyclic compounds within the organic compounds. It has the formula C7H5NO3S and an average molecular weight of 183.19 g/mol. Industrially, the compound is utilized as a deodorizer, fragrance, and as a nutrient and flavouring. The substance is found in or released from 55 recorded sources across multiple sectors. These include drinking water and water supply sources such as tap water, bottled water, desalinated water, and drinking water. It is present in aquatic systems and sediments, including freshwater, seawater, surface water, and groundwater. It is also found in wastewater, sanitation, and biosolids, specifically in mine wastewater, industrial wastewater, wastewater treatment effluent, and unspecified wastewater. Other sources include food, food processing, and cookware, such as the preparation of malt, food preservation, molasses and treatment of molasses, fermentation processes for beer, and agglomerated sugar products. Additionally, it is recorded in household cleaning and consumer products, including perfumes within detergents and soaps, bleaching agents, cigar cigarettes, other smoking requisites, and non electric simulated smoking devices. It is also found in electrical and electronic equipment, such as electric switches, electric hearing aids, conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials, and contacts, cores yokes or armatures. Recorded exposure routes for the compound include touch, oral, and inhalation. Saccharin (manufacturing) has five recorded protein targets, acting as an inhibitor of Carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1), Carbonic anhydrase 3 (CA3), Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), Carbonic anhydrase 12 (CA12), and one other protein. Its health effects include an increase in inflammation (PMC12644097) and liver inflammation (PMC8346244).