Chromium(III) (CED0001427)

Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-05-19 03:22:38 UTC
Update Date2026-05-14 19:42:54 UTC
Accession NumberCHEM010453
Identification
Common NameChromium(III)
ClassSmall Molecule
Description
Chromium(III) is an inorganic compound with the formula Cr and an average molecular weight of 52.00 g/mol. Chromium(III) belongs to the homogeneous transition metal compounds, a class of homogeneous metal compounds within the inorganic compounds. This compound serves as a biological micronutrient (PMC12899448, PMC3604738, PMC6982338) and an environmental nutrient (PMC7038024, PMC7644792). Regarding health effects, it is used as a treatment for diabetes mellitus (PMC8792285). Chromium(III) is found in or released from 17 recorded sources. These include electrical and electronic equipment, such as antennas, coils, cores yokes or armatures, discharge lamps, fixed capacitors and their manufacture, and four additional sources. It is also present in household cleaning and consumer products, specifically bleaching agents, cigar cigarettes, tobacco pipes, tobacco product cases, tobacco product moisture control, and one other source. Additionally, it is associated with food, food processing and cookware, including the preparation of wine or sparkling wine and fermentation processes for beer.
Contaminant TypeNot Available
Chemical Structure
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
Chromic ionChEBI
Chromium (III) ionChEBI
CHROMIUM ionChEBI
Chromium(III)ChEBI
CR(3+)ChEBI
ChromeHMDB
Chromium metalHMDB
CrHMDB
Chemical FormulaCr
Average Molecular Mass51.996 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass51.941 g/mol
CAS Registry Number16065-83-1
IUPAC Namechromium(3+) ion
Traditional Namechromium(3+) ion
SMILES[Cr+3]
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/Cr/q+3
InChI KeyBFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous transition metal compounds. These are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a transition metal atom.
KingdomInorganic compounds
Super ClassHomogeneous metal compounds
ClassHomogeneous transition metal compounds
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentHomogeneous transition metal compounds
Alternative ParentsNot Available
Substituents
  • Homogeneous transition metal
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External Descriptors
Biological Properties
StatusDetected and Not Quantified
OriginNot Available
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biofluid LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
ApplicationsNot Available
Biological Roles
Chemical RolesNot Available
Organoleptic EffectsNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
AppearanceNot Available
Experimental Properties
PropertyValue
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
SolubilityNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-0.16ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.09ChemAxon
Physiological Charge3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity0 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability1.78 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0udi-9000000000-ad2780f1f48b7aca8012Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0udi-9000000000-ad2780f1f48b7aca8012Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0udi-9000000000-ad2780f1f48b7aca8012Not AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0udi-9000000000-f010964c6795d9f5713aNot AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0udi-9000000000-f010964c6795d9f5713aNot AvailableView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrumsplash10-0udi-9000000000-f010964c6795d9f5713aNot AvailableView Spectrum
Toxicity Profile
Mechanism of ToxicityNot Available
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)Not Available
Minimum Risk LevelNot Available
SymptomsNot Available
TreatmentNot Available
Toxicity ValuesNot Available
Health Effects
Health EffectRelationshipDirectionReference
diabetes mellitusis_treatment_forNot AvailablePMC8792285
Exposure Sources
Source IDSourceSectorReference
506AntennasElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
508CoilsElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
513Cores Yokes Or ArmaturesElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
514Discharge LampsElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
521Fixed Capacitors And Their ManufactureElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
529Power CablesElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
530Radio Transmission SystemsElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
533Sparking PlugsElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
538Thin Magnetic FilmsElectrical & Electronic EquipmentNot Available
544Fermentation Processes For BeerFood, food processing & cookwareNot Available
549Preparation Of Wine Or Sparkling WineFood, food processing & cookwareNot Available
555Bleaching AgentsHousehold cleaning & consumer productsNot Available
556Cigar CigarettesHousehold cleaning & consumer productsNot Available
566Tobacco PipesHousehold cleaning & consumer productsNot Available
567Tobacco Product CasesHousehold cleaning & consumer productsNot Available
568Tobacco Product Moisture ControlHousehold cleaning & consumer productsNot Available
569Tobacco Smoke FiltersHousehold cleaning & consumer productsNot Available
579Manufacture Of Iron Or SteelIndustrial manufacturing & chemical processingNot Available
581Paper Making MachinesIndustrial manufacturing & chemical processingNot Available
613DepilatoriesPersonal care & cosmeticsNot Available
617Lip Care ProductsPersonal care & cosmeticsNot Available
619Manicure PedicurePersonal care & cosmeticsNot Available
630ToysRecreation & sports surfacesNot Available
633Azo DyesTextiles, leather & furnishingsNot Available
638Decorating TextilesTextiles, leather & furnishingsNot Available
652RopesTextiles, leather & furnishingsNot Available
657Surface Finishing Of LeatherTextiles, leather & furnishingsNot Available
659Transfer PrintingTextiles, leather & furnishingsNot Available
662Yarns Or ThreadsTextiles, leather & furnishingsNot Available
Pathways
0 pathways

No pathways found

No metabolic pathways have been associated with this synthetic chemical

Targets
StructureProteinUniProt IDOrganismRelationshipDetails
No targets found for this compound.
Concentrations
Not Available
External Links
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000599
FooDB IDFDB003516
Phenol Explorer IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkChromium
Chemspider ID25743
ChEBI ID49544
PubChem Compound ID27668
Kegg Compound IDC19368
YMDB IDNot Available
ECMDB IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
MSDSNot Available
General References
1. Gambelunghe A, Piccinini R, Ambrogi M, Villarini M, Moretti M, Marchetti C, Abbritti G, Muzi G: Primary DNA damage in chrome-plating workers. Toxicology. 2003 Jun 30;188(2-3):187-95.
2. Agaoglu G, Arun T, Izgi B, Yarat A: Nickel and chromium levels in the saliva and serum of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Angle Orthod. 2001 Oct;71(5):375-9.
3. Kim H, Cho SH, Chung MH: Exposure to hexavalent chromium does not increase 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in Korean chromate pigment workers. Ind Health. 1999 Jul;37(3):335-41.
4. MacDonald SJ, McCalden RW, Chess DG, Bourne RB, Rorabeck CH, Cleland D, Leung F: Metal-on-metal versus polyethylene in hip arthroplasty: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003 Jan;(406):282-96.
5. Vanoirbeek JA, Hoet PH, Nemery B, Verbeken EK, Haufroid V, Lison D, Dinsdale D: Kinetics of an intratracheally administered chromium catalyst in rats. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2003 Feb 28;66(4):393-409.
6. Seifert B, Becker K, Hoffmann K, Krause C, Schulz C: The German Environmental Survey 1990/1992 (GerES II): a representative population study. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2000 Mar-Apr;10(2):103-14.
7. Aguilar MV, Mateos CJ, Martinez Para MC: Determination of chromium in cerebrospinal fluid using electrothermal atomisation atomic absorption spectrometry. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2002;16(4):221-5.
8. Chuang IC, Lee PN, Lin TH, Chen GS: Determination of some elements in the cervical mucus of healthy Taiwanese women, by GF-AAS. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2002 May;86(2):137-43.
9. Gaggelli E, Berti F, D'Amelio N, Gaggelli N, Valensin G, Bovalini L, Paffetti A, Trabalzini L: Metabolic pathways of carcinogenic chromium. Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Oct;110 Suppl 5:733-8.
10. Ravina A, Slezak L, Mirsky N, Bryden NA, Anderson RA: Reversal of corticosteroid-induced diabetes mellitus with supplemental chromium. Diabet Med. 1999 Feb;16(2):164-7.
11. Torra M, Rodamilans M, Corbella J, Ferrer R, Mazzara R: Blood chromium determination in assessing reference values in an unexposed Mediterranean population. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1999 Nov;70(2):183-9.
12. Kocadereli L, Atac PA, Kale PS, Ozer D: Salivary nickel and chromium in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Angle Orthod. 2000 Dec;70(6):431-4.
13. Kang EK, Lee S, Park JH, Joo KM, Jeong HJ, Chang IS: Determination of hexavalent chromium in cosmetic products by ion chromatography and postcolumn derivatization. Contact Dermatitis. 2006 May;54(5):244-8.
14. Liden C, Skare L, Lind B, Nise G, Vahter M: Assessment of skin exposure to nickel, chromium and cobalt by acid wipe sampling and ICP-MS. Contact Dermatitis. 2006 May;54(5):233-8.
15. Shigeta A, Ratanamaneechat S, Srisukho S, Tanaka M, Moriyama Y, Suwanagool S, Miki M: Epidemiological correlation between chromium content in gallstones and cholesterol in blood. J Med Assoc Thai. 2002 Feb;85(2):183-94.
16. Medeiros MG, Rodrigues AS, Batoreu MC, Laires A, Rueff J, Zhitkovich A: Elevated levels of DNA-protein crosslinks and micronuclei in peripheral lymphocytes of tannery workers exposed to trivalent chromium. Mutagenesis. 2003 Jan;18(1):19-24.
17. Vaglenov A, Nosko M, Georgieva R, Carbonell E, Creus A, Marcos R: Genotoxicity and radioresistance in electroplating workers exposed to chromium. Mutat Res. 1999 Oct 29;446(1):23-34.
18. Iarmarcovai G, Sari-Minodier I, Chaspoul F, Botta C, De Meo M, Orsiere T, Berge-Lefranc JL, Gallice P, Botta A: Risk assessment of welders using analysis of eight metals by ICP-MS in blood and urine and DNA damage evaluation by the comet and micronucleus assays; influence of XRCC1 and XRCC3 polymorphisms. Mutagenesis. 2005 Nov;20(6):425-32. Epub 2005 Oct 18.
19. Kolacinski Z, Kostrzewski P, Kruszewska S, Razniewska G, Mielczarska J: Acute potassium dichromate poisoning: a toxicokinetic case study. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1999;37(6):785-91.
20. Morris BW, MacNeil S, Hardisty CA, Heller S, Burgin C, Gray TA: Chromium homeostasis in patients with type II (NIDDM) diabetes. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 1999 Jul;13(1-2):57-61.
21. Shrivastava R, Upreti RK, Seth PK, Chaturvedi UC: Effects of chromium on the immune system. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2002 Sep 6;34(1):1-7.