Limonene (CED0001962)

Limonene (C10H16) is a compound with an average molecular weight of 136.24 g/mol. Limonene belongs to the monoterpenoids, a subclass of prenol lipids within the organic compounds. This substance serves several industrial roles and uses, including acting as a fragrance, a deodorizer, and a flavouring and nutrient. It is utilized industrially as a solvent (PMC10370462), a food additive (PMC9316819), and as both an insecticide and a pesticide (PMC10775899). Biologically, it functions as an antioxidant (PMC8306454) and an inhibitor (PMC13025514). Regarding health effects, limonene is a treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease (PMC3396330) and has a therapeutic effect on inflammation (PMC9583546). Limonene is found in or released from 34 recorded sources. These include household cleaning and consumer products such as bleaching agents, cigar cigarettes, non electric simulated smoking devices, other smoking requisites, and pipe accessories. It is also associated with electrical and electronic equipment, including antennas, communication cables or conductors, contacts, discharge lamps, and electric switches. Further sources include coins, indoor air, and building and construction materials such as tents or canopies and sunshades awnings or outside screens. In food, food processing and cookware, it is found in food contact materials, the processing of meats, and fermentation processes for beer, wort, and the preparation of wine or sparkling wine. Recorded exposure routes include touch, oral, and inhalation, with literature support specifically for inhalation (PMC12477777).