Thorium(IV) oxide (CED0005564)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2026-04-05 15:57:15 UTC

Update Date

2026-04-05 15:57:15 UTC

SynCED ID

CED0005564

Secondary Accession Numbers

CHEM104413

Identification

Common Name

Thorium(IV) oxide

Class

Small Molecule

Description

Thorium(IV) oxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula O2Th and an average molecular weight of 264.04 g/mol. Thorium(IV) oxide belongs to the actinide oxides, a subclass of actinide organides within the inorganic compounds. It is further classified as a mixed metal/non-metal compound. This substance is found in or released from five recorded sources. Within the category of electrical and electronic equipment, it is associated with antennas, amplifiers, and adjustable resistors. Additionally, it is found in building and construction materials, specifically in tents, canopies, or roofs.

Contaminant Type

Human Neurotoxin

Chemical Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Not Available

Chemical Formula

O₂Th

Average Molecular Mass

264.036 g/mol

Monoisotopic Mass

264.028 g/mol

CAS Registry Number

Not Available

IUPAC Name

Not Available

Traditional Name

Not Available

SMILES

O=[Th]=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/2O.Th

InChI Key

ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Classification

Not classified

Biological Properties

Status

Detected and Not Quantified

Origin

Not Available

Cellular Locations

Not Available

Biofluid Locations

Not Available

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Applications

Not Available

Biological Roles

carcinogenic agent (PMC12009059 , PMC13358596 )?A role played by a chemical compound which is known to induce a process of carcinogenesis by corrupting normal cellular pathways, leading to the acquistion of tumoral capabilities.
toxin (PMC4689747 , PMC7451081 )?A chemical substance naturally produced by an organism and poisonous to other organisms

Chemical Roles

Not Available

Organoleptic Effects

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Not Available

Appearance

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Property	Value
Melting Point	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available
Solubility	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Not Available

Spectra

Not Available

Toxicity Profile

Toxicity Values

Not Available

Toxicity / Toxin Class

Not Available

Mechanism of Toxicity

Not Available

Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)

Not Available

Minimum Risk Level

Not Available

Symptoms

Not Available

Treatment

Not Available

Health Effects

Health Effect	Relationship	Direction	Description	Reference
liver angiosarcoma	Associated With?	increase	Not Available	PMC7965976 , PMC7053695
liver angiosarcoma	Associated With?	Not Available	Not Available	PMC4840876 , PMC12214278
cancer	Associated With?	Not Available	Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. There are over 100 types of cancers affect humans. The risk of developing certain cancers can be reduced by not smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, not drinking too much alcohol, eating plenty of vegetables, fruits and whole grains, vaccination against certain infectious diseases, not eating too much processed and red meat and avoiding too much sunlight exposure. Cancer is often treated with some combination of radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. The majority of cancers, some 90–95% of cases, are due to genetic mutations from environmental and lifestyle factors. The remaining 5–10% are due to inherited genetics.	PMC12133134
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Associated With?	Not Available	A liver carcinoma that has material basis in undifferentiated hepatocytes. (DO)	PMC12133134
liver cancer	Associated With?	Not Available	Liver cancer, also known as hepatic cancer and primary hepatic cancer, is cancer that starts in the liver. Cancer which has spread from elsewhere to the liver, known as liver metastasis, is more common than that which starts in the liver. Symptoms of liver cancer may include a lump or pain in the right side below the rib cage, swelling of the abdomen, yellowish skin, easy bruising, weight loss and weakness.("Adult Primary Liver Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)–Patient Version". NCI. 6 July 2016. Archived from the original on 2 October 2016. Retrieved 29 September 2016) The leading cause of liver cancer is cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, hepatitis C or alcohol.(PMID: 25530442) The most common types of liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which makes up 80% of cases, and cholangiocarcinoma.(World Cancer Report 2014. World Health Organization. 2014. pp. Chapter 5.6. ISBN 978-9283204299) Globally, as of 2010, liver cancer resulted in 754,000 deaths, up from 460,000 in 1990, making it the third leading cause of cancer death after lung and stomach.(PMID: 23245604) In 2012, it represented 7% of cancer diagnoses in men, the 5th most diagnosed cancer that year.(World Cancer Report 2014. International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. 2014. ISBN 978-92-832-0432-9)	PMC12133134
angiosarcoma	Associated With?	Not Available	Not Available	PMC12009059 , PMC6351118
cholangiocarcinoma	Associated With?	Not Available	A bile duct adenocarcinoma that has material basis in bile duct epithelial cells. (DO)	PMC6394015 , PMC4689747
Hemangiosarcoma	Associated With?	Not Available	Not Available	PMC3715084 , PMC3737674
spleen angiosarcoma	Associated With?	Not Available	Not Available	PMC3614769

Exposure Sources

Source ID	Source	Sector	Reference
CEDs000181	Ballast water?Ballast water, taken on by ships to maintain stability and balance, often contains a diverse array of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and plankton.	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	PubChem
CEDs000182	Bilge water?Bilge water is a byproduct generated from the accumulation of water in the lowest part of a ship's hull, which may include a mixture of seawater, oil, fuel residues, and various contaminants.	Marine, shipping & aquaculture	PubChem
CEDs000499	Roofs?Roofs can be a significant source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials used in their construction and maintenance.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000503	Tents Or Canopies?Tents and canopies used in various applications can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination primarily due to the materials from which they are made.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000504	Adjustable Resistors?Adjustable resistors, commonly used in various electronic devices, can contribute to synthetic chemical contamination through the materials and substances used in their manufacturing and disposal.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000505	Amplifiers?Amplifiers, commonly used in various electronic devices to enhance signal strength, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials and processes involved in their production and disposal.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000506	Antennas?Antennas, commonly used in communication technologies, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination through the materials and coatings used in their construction.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000511	Conductors Or Conductive Bodies Characterised By The Conductive Materials?Conductors, or conductive bodies, are materials that allow the flow of electrical current, typically made from metals such as copper, aluminum, or silver.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000519	Electrodes?Electrodes, used in various electrical and electronic applications, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination due to the materials from which they are constructed and the processes involved in their manufacturing.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000545	Food Preservation?Food preservation often involves the use of synthetic chemicals, such as preservatives, flavor enhancers, and color additives, to extend shelf life and enhance the sensory qualities of food products.	Food, food processing & cookware	PubChem
CEDs000561	Perfumes Within Detergents And Soaps?Perfumes within detergents and soaps are synthetic fragrance compounds added to enhance the sensory experience of cleaning products.	Household cleaning & consumer products	PubChem
CEDs000611	Anti Perspirants Or Body Deoderants?Antiperspirants and body deodorants commonly contain synthetic chemicals such as aluminum compounds, parabens, and synthetic fragrances.	Personal care & cosmetics	PubChem
CEDs000632	Apparel?Apparel production often involves the use of various synthetic chemicals, including dyes, finishing agents, and preservatives.	Textiles, leather & furnishings	PubChem
CEDs000664	Fire Fighting Gels?Fire fighting gels are synthetic chemical formulations designed to enhance fire suppression effectiveness by creating a protective barrier against heat and flames.	Fire suppression systems & agents	PubChem
CEDs000665	Fire Extinguishers?Fire extinguishers contain various synthetic chemicals designed to suppress flames and prevent the spread of fire.	Fire suppression systems & agents	PubChem
CEDs000670	Solid Fire Fighting Substances?Solid fire fighting substances, such as certain types of dry chemical powders, are used in fire suppression applications to extinguish flames and prevent fire spread.	Fire suppression systems & agents	PubChem
CEDs000671	Airplanes And Helicopters?Airplanes and helicopters are significant sources of synthetic chemical contamination primarily through the use of aviation fuels, lubricants, and de-icing agents.	Aviation & Aerospace	PubChem
CEDs000679	Phosphatic Fertilisers?Phosphatic fertilizers are synthetic chemical products primarily composed of phosphorus, which is essential for plant growth.	Agriculture & land management	PubChem
CEDs000684	Cements?Cements are a composite material primarily used as a binding agent in construction applications, formed by the calcination of limestone and clay minerals at high temperatures.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000685	Ceramics?Ceramics can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination through various additives and processing agents used in their production.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000686	Clay Wares?Clay wares are ceramic products made from natural clay, often utilized in various construction applications such as tiles, bricks, and sanitary ware.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000687	Crystal Glass?Crystal glass, known for its clarity and brilliance, is often produced using lead oxide, which enhances its refractive quality.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000688	Glass Coatings?Glass coatings are synthetic chemical formulations applied to glass surfaces to enhance properties such as durability, UV resistance, and aesthetic appeal.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000691	Non Oxide Glass?Non-oxide glass refers to a category of glasses primarily composed of materials other than silicon dioxide, such as boron oxide or phosphorous oxide.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000692	Silica Free Oxide Glass?Silica Free Oxide Glass is a type of glass that is produced using alternative materials to traditional silica-based formulations.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000693	Silica Glass?Silica glass, primarily composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2), is widely used in various applications, including windows, glass facades, and insulation materials.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000696	Nanotechnology?Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of materials at the molecular or atomic level, typically within the range of 1 to 100 nanometers.	Industrial manufacturing & chemical processing	PubChem
CEDs000698	Jewellery?Jewellery production often involves the use of various synthetic chemicals during the extraction and processing of metals.	Mining & metal processing	PubChem
CEDs000726	Pens?Pens, commonly utilized for writing and marking, can be a source of synthetic chemical contamination primarily due to the materials used in their manufacturing.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000727	Printing Machines Or Presses?Printing machines or presses commonly utilize synthetic chemicals such as inks, solvents, and cleaning agents.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000734	Coating Compositions?Coating compositions, which include paints, sealants, and varnishes, are formulated with a variety of synthetic chemicals such as solvents, resins, pigments, and additives.	Building & Construction	PubChem
CEDs000735	Explosives?Explosives are chemical compounds or mixtures designed to undergo rapid decomposition, releasing energy in the form of gas and heat.	Defense & military infrastructure	PubChem
CEDs000736	Fuses?Fuses are safety devices designed to protect electrical circuits by breaking the circuit when excessive current flows through.	Electrical & Electronic Equipment	PubChem
CEDs000737	Chemical Igniters?Chemical igniters are substances or devices designed to initiate combustion in various applications, often found in products like lighters, candles, and certain household cleaning agents.	Household items	PubChem
CEDs000739	Inks?Inks are complex mixtures composed of pigments or dyes, solvents, resins, and additives used primarily for printing and writing applications.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000740	Paper?Paper production involves the processing of wood fibers and the use of various chemicals, which can lead to synthetic chemical contamination.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000741	Pigment Pastes?Pigment pastes are concentrated dispersions of pigments used to impart color and properties to materials.	Paper, pulp & fiber products	PubChem
CEDs000743	Sludge Treatment?Sludge treatment involves the processing of waste materials generated from wastewater treatment plants, which often contain a variety of organic and inorganic substances.	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	PubChem
CEDs000744	Water, Wastewater, & Sewage Treatment?Water, wastewater, and sewage treatment processes are critical for managing and mitigating pollutants in water systems.	Wastewater, sanitation & biosolids	PubChem

Pathways

0 pathwaysPathway Source: PathBank

No pathways found

No metabolic pathways have been associated with this synthetic chemical

Targets

Structure	Protein	UniProt ID	Organism	Relationship	Details
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 9	Q16790	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.099 Applicability Domain 0.125 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9998 Supporting Reference Compounds 372 E-value 7783.75
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 2	P00918	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.089 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9999 Supporting Reference Compounds 472 E-value 7784.53
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 1	P00915	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.089 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9999 Supporting Reference Compounds 407 E-value 7784.53
Click to view 3D structure	Alpha carbonic anhydrase	B5SU02	Stylophora pistillata	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.086 Applicability Domain 0.125 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9917 Supporting Reference Compounds 43 E-value 7720.23
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 7	P43166	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.078 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9999 Supporting Reference Compounds 242 E-value 7784.38
Click to view 3D structure	Acetylcholinesterase	P22303	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.077 Applicability Domain 0.091 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9999 Supporting Reference Compounds 406 E-value 7784.53
Click to view 3D structure	Cholinesterase	P06276	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.075 Applicability Domain 0.091 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9999 Supporting Reference Compounds 234 E-value 7784.07
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 4	P22748	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.074 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9999 Supporting Reference Compounds 193 E-value 7784.46
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 6	P23280	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.072 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9999 Supporting Reference Compounds 151 E-value 7784.3
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase	C0IX24	Stylophora pistillata	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.07 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.999 Supporting Reference Compounds 41 E-value 7777.14
Click to view 3D structure	Astrosclerin-3	A6YCJ1	Astrosclera willeyana	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.07 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.999 Supporting Reference Compounds 44 E-value 7777.45
Click to view 3D structure	Phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxyheptonate aldolase	C3TIE2	Escherichia coli	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.069 Applicability Domain 0.069 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.2454 Supporting Reference Compounds 1 E-value 1910.11
Click to view 3D structure	Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1	Q10472	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.069 Applicability Domain 0.069 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.712 Supporting Reference Compounds 1 E-value 5542.55
Click to view 3D structure	Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 14	Q96FL9	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.069 Applicability Domain 0.069 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.712 Supporting Reference Compounds 1 E-value 5542.55
Click to view 3D structure	Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6	Q8NCL4	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.069 Applicability Domain 0.069 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.712 Supporting Reference Compounds 1 E-value 5542.55
Click to view 3D structure	Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 10	Q86SR1	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.069 Applicability Domain 0.069 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.712 Supporting Reference Compounds 1 E-value 5542.55
Click to view 3D structure	Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3	Q14435	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.069 Applicability Domain 0.069 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.712 Supporting Reference Compounds 1 E-value 5542.55
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase	P40881	Methanosarcina thermophila	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.068 Applicability Domain 0.111 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9923 Supporting Reference Compounds 22 E-value 7725.13
Click to view 3D structure	Cocaine esterase	O00748	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.067 Applicability Domain 0.083 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9997 Supporting Reference Compounds 40 E-value 7782.9
Click to view 3D structure	Liver carboxylesterase 1	P23141	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.067 Applicability Domain 0.083 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9997 Supporting Reference Compounds 55 E-value 7782.82
Click to view 3D structure	Type IV secretion-like conjugative transfer relaxase protein TraI	B1LRJ1	Escherichia coli (strain SMS-3-5 / SECEC)	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.067 Applicability Domain 0.067 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.0442 Supporting Reference Compounds 1 E-value 344.094
Click to view 3D structure	Fumarate hydratase, mitochondrial	P10173	Sus scrofa	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.067 Applicability Domain 0.067 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.2548 Supporting Reference Compounds 1 E-value 1983.6
Click to view 3D structure	Liver carboxylesterase 1	P12337	Oryctolagus cuniculus	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.064 Applicability Domain 0.083 Low confidence Statistical Significance 0.9382 Supporting Reference Compounds 9 E-value 7304.2
Click to view 3D structure	Carbonic anhydrase 12	O43570	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.064 Applicability Domain 0.074 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 332 E-value 7784.69
Click to view 3D structure	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	P21397	Humans	Predicted (SEA)	Prediction Confidence Score 0.063 Applicability Domain 0.091 Low confidence Statistical Significance 1.0 Supporting Reference Compounds 241 E-value 7784.61